TISIDB

Summary
Symbol	BST2
Name	bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2
Aliases	CD317; tetherin; BST-2; HM1.24 antigen; NPC-A-7; CD antigen CD317; Bone marrow stromal antigen 2
Chromosomal Location	19p13.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Basic function annotation. > Subcellular Location, Domain and Function > Gene Ontology > KEGG and Reactome Pathway

> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function [ TOP ]
Subcellular Location	Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network. Cell membrane Single-pass type II membrane protein. Cell membrane Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor Late endosome Membrane raft. Cytoplasm. Apical cell membrane Note=Shuttles between the cell membrane, where it is present predominantly in membrane/lipid rafts, and the trans-Golgi network. HIV-1 VPU and HIV-2 ENV can target it to the trans-Golgi network thus sequestering it away from virus assembly sites on the cell membrane. Targeted to late endosomes upon KSHV infection and subsequent ubiquitination. Forms a complex with MMP14 and localizes to the cytoplasm.
Domain	PF16716 Bone marrow stromal antigen 2
Function	IFN-induced antiviral host restriction factor which efficiently blocks the release of diverse mammalian enveloped viruses by directly tethering nascent virions to the membranes of infected cells. Acts as a direct physical tether, holding virions to the cell membrane and linking virions to each other. The tethered virions can be internalized by endocytosis and subsequently degraded or they can remain on the cell surface. In either case, their spread as cell-free virions is restricted. Its target viruses belong to diverse families, including retroviridae: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2), simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs), equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), prototype foamy virus (PFV), Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV), human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) and murine leukemia virus (MLV), flavivirideae: hepatitis C virus (HCV), filoviridae: ebola virus (EBOV) and marburg virus (MARV), arenaviridae: lassa virus (LASV) and machupo virus (MACV), herpesviridae: kaposis sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), rhabdoviridae: vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), orthomyxoviridae: influenza A virus, and paramyxoviridae: nipah virus. Can inhibit cell surface proteolytic activity of MMP14 causing decreased activation of MMP15 which results in inhibition of cell growth and migration. Can stimulate signaling by LILRA4/ILT7 and consequently provide negative feedback to the production of IFN by plasmacytoid dendritic cells in response to viral infection (PubMed:19564354, PubMed:26172439). Plays a role in the organization of the subapical actin cytoskeleton in polarized epithelial cells. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are both effective viral restriction factors but have differing antiviral and signaling activities (PubMed:23028328, PubMed:26172439). Isoform 2 is resistant to HIV-1 Vpu-mediated degradation and restricts HIV-1 viral budding in the presence of Vpu (PubMed:23028328, PubMed:26172439). Isoform 1 acts as an activator of NF-kappa-B and this activity is inhibited by isoform 2 (PubMed:23028328).

> Gene Ontology [ TOP ]
Biological Process	GO:0001558 regulation of cell growth GO:0001818 negative regulation of cytokine production GO:0002367 cytokine production involved in immune response GO:0002371 dendritic cell cytokine production GO:0002373 plasmacytoid dendritic cell cytokine production GO:0002440 production of molecular mediator of immune response GO:0002443 leukocyte mediated immunity GO:0002683 negative regulation of immune system process GO:0002697 regulation of immune effector process GO:0002698 negative regulation of immune effector process GO:0002700 regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response GO:0002701 negative regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response GO:0002703 regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity GO:0002704 negative regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity GO:0002718 regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response GO:0002719 negative regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response GO:0002730 regulation of dendritic cell cytokine production GO:0002731 negative regulation of dendritic cell cytokine production GO:0002736 regulation of plasmacytoid dendritic cell cytokine production GO:0002737 negative regulation of plasmacytoid dendritic cell cytokine production GO:0006959 humoral immune response GO:0007249 I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling GO:0009615 response to virus GO:0010466 negative regulation of peptidase activity GO:0010951 negative regulation of endopeptidase activity GO:0016049 cell growth GO:0019058 viral life cycle GO:0019079 viral genome replication GO:0030308 negative regulation of cell growth GO:0030336 negative regulation of cell migration GO:0032386 regulation of intracellular transport GO:0032387 negative regulation of intracellular transport GO:0032956 regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization GO:0032970 regulation of actin filament-based process GO:0034340 response to type I interferon GO:0034341 response to interferon-gamma GO:0035455 response to interferon-alpha GO:0035456 response to interferon-beta GO:0040013 negative regulation of locomotion GO:0042113 B cell activation GO:0043122 regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling GO:0043123 positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling GO:0043900 regulation of multi-organism process GO:0043901 negative regulation of multi-organism process GO:0043903 regulation of symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism GO:0044766 multi-organism transport GO:0045069 regulation of viral genome replication GO:0045071 negative regulation of viral genome replication GO:0045861 negative regulation of proteolysis GO:0045926 negative regulation of growth GO:0046794 transport of virus GO:0048525 negative regulation of viral process GO:0050777 negative regulation of immune response GO:0050792 regulation of viral process GO:0051051 negative regulation of transport GO:0051271 negative regulation of cellular component movement GO:0051346 negative regulation of hydrolase activity GO:0051493 regulation of cytoskeleton organization GO:0051607 defense response to virus GO:0052547 regulation of peptidase activity GO:0052548 regulation of endopeptidase activity GO:0060337 type I interferon signaling pathway GO:0071357 cellular response to type I interferon GO:0075733 intracellular transport of virus GO:0098542 defense response to other organism GO:1901252 regulation of intracellular transport of viral material GO:1901253 negative regulation of intracellular transport of viral material GO:1902579 multi-organism localization GO:1902581 multi-organism cellular localization GO:1902583 multi-organism intracellular transport GO:1903900 regulation of viral life cycle GO:1903901 negative regulation of viral life cycle GO:2000146 negative regulation of cell motility
Molecular Function	GO:0004857 enzyme inhibitor activity GO:0004866 endopeptidase inhibitor activity GO:0008191 metalloendopeptidase inhibitor activity GO:0030414 peptidase inhibitor activity GO:0061134 peptidase regulator activity GO:0061135 endopeptidase regulator activity
Cellular Component	GO:0005770 late endosome GO:0005771 multivesicular body GO:0016324 apical plasma membrane GO:0031225 anchored component of membrane GO:0045121 membrane raft GO:0045177 apical part of cell GO:0098589 membrane region GO:0098857 membrane microdomain

> KEGG and Reactome Pathway [ TOP ]
KEGG	-
Reactome	R-HSA-1280215: Cytokine Signaling in Immune system R-HSA-168256: Immune System R-HSA-168249: Innate Immune System R-HSA-913531: Interferon Signaling R-HSA-909733: Interferon alpha/beta signaling R-HSA-6798695: Neutrophil degranulation

Summary
Symbol	BST2
Name	bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2
Aliases	CD317; tetherin; BST-2; HM1.24 antigen; NPC-A-7; CD antigen CD317; Bone marrow stromal antigen 2
Chromosomal Location	19p13.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Literatures that report relations between BST2 and anti-tumor immunity. The specific mechanism were also collected if the literature reports that a gene specifically promotes or inhibits the infiltration or function of T/NK cells.

> Text Mining

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Literatures describing the relation between BST2 and anti-tumor immunity in human cancer.

PMID	Cancer type	Relation to immunity	Evidence sentences
29486141	Head and Neck Carcinoma	Inhibit immunity	We found that CD317 expression was up-regulated in HNSCC tumor cells, and the CD317 expression level was independent of the histological grade, tumor size, and lymph node metastasis. Moreover, Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that patients with high expression of CD317 had a poor prognosis compared with patients with low expression. Furthermore, CD317 overexpression in HNSCC was correlated with immune checkpoint molecules PD-L1, B7-H3, and B7-H4 and tumor-associated macrophage markers (CD68 and CD163)

Summary
Symbol	BST2
Name	bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2
Aliases	CD317; tetherin; BST-2; HM1.24 antigen; NPC-A-7; CD antigen CD317; Bone marrow stromal antigen 2
Chromosomal Location	19p13.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	High-throughput screening data (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9, shRNA and RNAi) for T cell-mediated killing. Genetic screen techniques can identify mechanisms of tumor cell resistance (e.g., PTPN2) and sensitivity (e.g., APLNR) to killing by cytotoxic T cells, the central effectors of anti-tumor immunity. After comprehensively searching, eight groups of screening data sets were collected in the current database. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes cause resistance or increase sensitivity to T cell-mediated killing in various data sets.

> High-throughput Screening

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Statistical results of BST2 in screening data sets for detecting immune reponses.

PMID	Screening System	Cancer Type	Cell Line	Data Set	Statistical Results	Relation to immunity
29301958	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16F10	Pmel-1 T cell	NA/NS	NA/NS
29301958	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16F10	OT-1 T cell	NA/NS	NA/NS
28783722	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	Mel624	2CT-CRISPR	NA/NS	NA/NS
28723893	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16	GVAX+Anti-PD1	NA/NS	NA/NS
28723893	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16	GVAX	NA/NS	NA/NS
25691366	RNAi	Breast cancer	MCF7	Luc-CTL assay	NA/NS	NA/NS
24476824	shRNA	melanoma	B16	Primary screen	NA/NS	NA/NS
24476824	shRNA	melanoma	B16	Secondary screen	NA/NS	NA/NS

Summary
Symbol	BST2
Name	bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2
Aliases	CD317; tetherin; BST-2; HM1.24 antigen; NPC-A-7; CD antigen CD317; Bone marrow stromal antigen 2
Chromosomal Location	19p13.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Transcriptomic and genomic profiling of pre-treated tumor biopsies from responders and non-responders to immunotherapy. These data were used to identify signatures and mechanisms of response to checkpoint blockade (e.g., anti-PDL1 and anti-PD1). One example is that mutations in the gene PBRM1 benefit clinical survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. After comprehensively searching, we collected 5 and 6 of transcriptomic and genomic data sets, respectively. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes have significant difference of expression or mutation between responders and non-responders in various data sets. > Expression difference between responders and non-responders > Mutation difference between responders and non-responders

> Expression difference between responders and non-responders

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Points in the above scatter plot represent the expression difference of BST2 in various data sets.

No	PMID	Cancer type	Group	Drug	# Res	# NRes	Log2 (Fold Change)	P value
1	26997480	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	14	12	-0.29	0.634
2	26997480	Melanoma	MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	6	5	-1.035	0.786
3	26997480	Melanoma	non-MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	8	7	0.263	0.922
4	28552987	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	9	16	0.871	0.18
5	28552987	Urothelial cancer	smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	5	9	0.76	0.725
6	28552987	Urothelial cancer	non-smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	4	7	0.998	0.68
7	29033130	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	26	23	0.23	0.683
8	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-PROG	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	15	11	0.228	0.901
9	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-NAIVE	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	11	12	0.142	0.947
10	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	4	8	1.725	0.527
11	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	2	0	0	1
12	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	non-VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	2	8	1.442	0.739
13	29443960	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	68	230	0.175	0.341

> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders

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Points in the above scatter plot represent the mutation difference of BST2 in various data sets.

No	PMID	Cancer type	Group	Drug	# Res	# NRes	% Mut/Res	% Diff (R vs NR)	Pval
1	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	14	17	7.1	7.1	0.452
2	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	smoking	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	10	3	10	10	1
3	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	non-smoking	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	4	14	0	0	1
4	26359337	Melanoma	all	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	27	73	0	0	1
5	26359337	Melanoma	BRAFi	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	0	14	0	0	1
6	26359337	Melanoma	non-BRAFi	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	27	59	0	0	1
7	26997480	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	21	17	0	0	1
8	26997480	Melanoma	MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	8	6	0	0	1
9	26997480	Melanoma	non-MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	13	11	0	0	1
10	28552987	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	9	16	0	0	1
11	28552987	Urothelial cancer	smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	5	9	0	0	1
12	28552987	Urothelial cancer	non-smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	4	7	0	0	1
13	29033130	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	38	27	0	0	1
14	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-PROG	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	22	13	0	0	1
15	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-NAIVE	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	16	14	0	0	1
16	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	11	13	0	0	1
17	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	6	1	0	0	1
18	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	non-VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	5	12	0	0	1

Summary
Symbol	BST2
Name	bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2
Aliases	CD317; tetherin; BST-2; HM1.24 antigen; NPC-A-7; CD antigen CD317; Bone marrow stromal antigen 2
Chromosomal Location	19p13.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of BST2. The immune-related signatures of 28 TIL types from Charoentong's study, which can be viewed in the download page. For each cancer type, the relative abundance of TILs were inferred by using gene set variation analysis (GSVA) based on gene expression profile. In this tab, users can examine which kinds of TILs might be regulated by the current gene.

> Lymphocyte [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	BST2
Name	bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2
Aliases	CD317; tetherin; BST-2; HM1.24 antigen; NPC-A-7; CD antigen CD317; Bone marrow stromal antigen 2
Chromosomal Location	19p13.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between three kinds of immunomodulators and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of BST2. These immunomo-dulators were collected from Charoentong's study. In this tab, users can examine which immunomodulators might be regulated by BST2. > Immunoinhibitor > Immunostimulator > MHC molecule

> Immunoinhibitor [ TOP ]

> Immunostimulator [ TOP ]

> MHC molecule [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	BST2
Name	bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2
Aliases	CD317; tetherin; BST-2; HM1.24 antigen; NPC-A-7; CD antigen CD317; Bone marrow stromal antigen 2
Chromosomal Location	19p13.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between chemokines (or receptors) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of BST2. In this tab, users can examine which chemokines (or receptors) might be regulated by the current gene. > Chemokine > Receptor

> Chemokine [ TOP ]

> Receptor [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	BST2
Name	bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2
Aliases	CD317; tetherin; BST-2; HM1.24 antigen; NPC-A-7; CD antigen CD317; Bone marrow stromal antigen 2
Chromosomal Location	19p13.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Distribution of BST2 expression across immune and molecular subtypes. > Immune subtype > Molecular subtype

> Immune subtype [ TOP ]

> Molecular subtype [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	BST2
Name	bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2
Aliases	CD317; tetherin; BST-2; HM1.24 antigen; NPC-A-7; CD antigen CD317; Bone marrow stromal antigen 2
Chromosomal Location	19p13.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Associations between BST2 and clinical features. > Overall survival analysis > Cancer stage > Tumor grade

> Overall survival [ TOP ]

> Stage [ TOP ]

> Grade [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	BST2
Name	bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2
Aliases	CD317; tetherin; BST-2; HM1.24 antigen; NPC-A-7; CD antigen CD317; Bone marrow stromal antigen 2
Chromosomal Location	19p13.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Drugs targeting BST2 collected from DrugBank database.

> Drugs from DrugBank database [ TOP ]
There is no record.

Browse BST2