TISIDB

Summary
Symbol	DDC
Name	dopa decarboxylase (aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase)
Aliases	AADC; DOPA decarboxylase; Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase
Chromosomal Location	7p12.1
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Basic function annotation. > Subcellular Location, Domain and Function > Gene Ontology > KEGG and Reactome Pathway

> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function [ TOP ]
Subcellular Location	-
Domain	PF00282 Pyridoxal-dependent decarboxylase conserved domain
Function	Catalyzes the decarboxylation of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) to dopamine, L-5-hydroxytryptophan to serotonin and L-tryptophan to tryptamine.

> Gene Ontology [ TOP ]
Biological Process	GO:0006520 cellular amino acid metabolic process GO:0006576 cellular biogenic amine metabolic process GO:0006584 catecholamine metabolic process GO:0006586 indolalkylamine metabolic process GO:0006836 neurotransmitter transport GO:0007568 aging GO:0007623 circadian rhythm GO:0009308 amine metabolic process GO:0009309 amine biosynthetic process GO:0009404 toxin metabolic process GO:0009636 response to toxic substance GO:0009712 catechol-containing compound metabolic process GO:0009713 catechol-containing compound biosynthetic process GO:0009820 alkaloid metabolic process GO:0010259 multicellular organism aging GO:0015837 amine transport GO:0015842 aminergic neurotransmitter loading into synaptic vesicle GO:0017085 response to insecticide GO:0018958 phenol-containing compound metabolic process GO:0019748 secondary metabolic process GO:0033076 isoquinoline alkaloid metabolic process GO:0035690 cellular response to drug GO:0042401 cellular biogenic amine biosynthetic process GO:0042416 dopamine biosynthetic process GO:0042417 dopamine metabolic process GO:0042423 catecholamine biosynthetic process GO:0042427 serotonin biosynthetic process GO:0042428 serotonin metabolic process GO:0042430 indole-containing compound metabolic process GO:0042435 indole-containing compound biosynthetic process GO:0042493 response to drug GO:0043279 response to alkaloid GO:0044106 cellular amine metabolic process GO:0046189 phenol-containing compound biosynthetic process GO:0046219 indolalkylamine biosynthetic process GO:0046684 response to pyrethroid GO:0048511 rhythmic process GO:0052314 phytoalexin metabolic process GO:0071312 cellular response to alkaloid GO:0071417 cellular response to organonitrogen compound GO:0098700 neurotransmitter loading into synaptic vesicle GO:0099504 synaptic vesicle cycle GO:1901160 primary amino compound metabolic process GO:1901162 primary amino compound biosynthetic process GO:1901615 organic hydroxy compound metabolic process GO:1901617 organic hydroxy compound biosynthetic process
Molecular Function	GO:0004058 aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase activity GO:0016597 amino acid binding GO:0016829 lyase activity GO:0016830 carbon-carbon lyase activity GO:0016831 carboxy-lyase activity GO:0030170 pyridoxal phosphate binding GO:0031406 carboxylic acid binding GO:0036468 L-dopa decarboxylase activity GO:0043168 anion binding GO:0048037 cofactor binding
Cellular Component	GO:0008021 synaptic vesicle GO:0030133 transport vesicle GO:0030424 axon GO:0043025 neuronal cell body GO:0044297 cell body GO:0070382 exocytic vesicle GO:0098793 presynapse GO:0099503 secretory vesicle

> KEGG and Reactome Pathway [ TOP ]
KEGG	hsa04726 Serotonergic synapse hsa04728 Dopaminergic synapse hsa00340 Histidine metabolism hsa00350 Tyrosine metabolism hsa00360 Phenylalanine metabolism hsa00380 Tryptophan metabolism hsa01100 Metabolic pathways
Reactome	R-HSA-209776: Amine-derived hormones R-HSA-209905: Catecholamine biosynthesis R-HSA-1430728: Metabolism R-HSA-71291: Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives R-HSA-209931: Serotonin and melatonin biosynthesis

Summary
Symbol	DDC
Name	dopa decarboxylase (aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase)
Aliases	AADC; DOPA decarboxylase; Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase
Chromosomal Location	7p12.1
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Literatures that report relations between DDC and anti-tumor immunity. The specific mechanism were also collected if the literature reports that a gene specifically promotes or inhibits the infiltration or function of T/NK cells.

> Text Mining [ TOP ]
There is no record.

Summary
Symbol	DDC
Name	dopa decarboxylase (aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase)
Aliases	AADC; DOPA decarboxylase; Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase
Chromosomal Location	7p12.1
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	High-throughput screening data (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9, shRNA and RNAi) for T cell-mediated killing. Genetic screen techniques can identify mechanisms of tumor cell resistance (e.g., PTPN2) and sensitivity (e.g., APLNR) to killing by cytotoxic T cells, the central effectors of anti-tumor immunity. After comprehensively searching, eight groups of screening data sets were collected in the current database. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes cause resistance or increase sensitivity to T cell-mediated killing in various data sets.

> High-throughput Screening

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Statistical results of DDC in screening data sets for detecting immune reponses.

PMID	Screening System	Cancer Type	Cell Line	Data Set	Statistical Results	Relation to immunity
29301958	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16F10	Pmel-1 T cell	NA/NS	NA/NS
29301958	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16F10	OT-1 T cell	NA/NS	NA/NS
28783722	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	Mel624	2CT-CRISPR	NA/NS	NA/NS
28723893	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16	GVAX+Anti-PD1	NA/NS	NA/NS
28723893	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16	GVAX	NA/NS	NA/NS
25691366	RNAi	Breast cancer	MCF7	Luc-CTL assay	NA/NS	NA/NS
24476824	shRNA	melanoma	B16	Primary screen	NA/NS	NA/NS
24476824	shRNA	melanoma	B16	Secondary screen	NA/NS	NA/NS

Summary
Symbol	DDC
Name	dopa decarboxylase (aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase)
Aliases	AADC; DOPA decarboxylase; Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase
Chromosomal Location	7p12.1
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Transcriptomic and genomic profiling of pre-treated tumor biopsies from responders and non-responders to immunotherapy. These data were used to identify signatures and mechanisms of response to checkpoint blockade (e.g., anti-PDL1 and anti-PD1). One example is that mutations in the gene PBRM1 benefit clinical survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. After comprehensively searching, we collected 5 and 6 of transcriptomic and genomic data sets, respectively. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes have significant difference of expression or mutation between responders and non-responders in various data sets. > Expression difference between responders and non-responders > Mutation difference between responders and non-responders

> Expression difference between responders and non-responders

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Points in the above scatter plot represent the expression difference of DDC in various data sets.

No	PMID	Cancer type	Group	Drug	# Res	# NRes	Log2 (Fold Change)	P value
1	26997480	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	14	12	0.205	0.415
2	26997480	Melanoma	MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	6	5	-0.057	0.919
3	26997480	Melanoma	non-MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	8	7	0.4	0.403
4	28552987	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	9	16	0.439	0.606
5	28552987	Urothelial cancer	smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	5	9	-0.403	0.753
6	28552987	Urothelial cancer	non-smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	4	7	1.489	0.282
7	29033130	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	26	23	-0.61	0.493
8	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-PROG	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	15	11	0.195	0.905
9	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-NAIVE	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	11	12	-1.577	0.354
10	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	4	8	-0.972	0.665
11	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	2	0	0	1
12	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	non-VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	2	8	-0.896	0.766
13	29443960	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	68	230	-0.92	0.0148

> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders

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Points in the above scatter plot represent the mutation difference of DDC in various data sets.

No	PMID	Cancer type	Group	Drug	# Res	# NRes	% Mut/Res	% Mut/NRes	% Diff (R vs NR)	Pval
1	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	14	17	7.1	0	7.1	0.452
2	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	smoking	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	10	3	10	0	10	1
3	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	non-smoking	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	4	14	0	0	0	1
4	26359337	Melanoma	all	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	27	73	3.7	1.4	2.3	0.469
5	26359337	Melanoma	BRAFi	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	0	14	0	0	0	1
6	26359337	Melanoma	non-BRAFi	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	27	59	3.7	1.7	2	0.532
7	26997480	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	21	17	4.8	0	4.8	1
8	26997480	Melanoma	MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	8	6	12.5	0	12.5	1
9	26997480	Melanoma	non-MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	13	11	0	0	0	1
10	28552987	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	9	16	22.2	0	22.2	0.12
11	28552987	Urothelial cancer	smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	5	9	0	0	0	1
12	28552987	Urothelial cancer	non-smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	4	7	50	0	50	0.109
13	29033130	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	38	27	0	0	0	1
14	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-PROG	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	22	13	0	0	0	1
15	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-NAIVE	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	16	14	0	0	0	1
16	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	11	13	0	0	0	1
17	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	6	1	0	0	0	1
18	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	non-VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	5	12	0	0	0	1

Summary
Symbol	DDC
Name	dopa decarboxylase (aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase)
Aliases	AADC; DOPA decarboxylase; Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase
Chromosomal Location	7p12.1
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of DDC. The immune-related signatures of 28 TIL types from Charoentong's study, which can be viewed in the download page. For each cancer type, the relative abundance of TILs were inferred by using gene set variation analysis (GSVA) based on gene expression profile. In this tab, users can examine which kinds of TILs might be regulated by the current gene.

> Lymphocyte [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	DDC
Name	dopa decarboxylase (aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase)
Aliases	AADC; DOPA decarboxylase; Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase
Chromosomal Location	7p12.1
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between three kinds of immunomodulators and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of DDC. These immunomo-dulators were collected from Charoentong's study. In this tab, users can examine which immunomodulators might be regulated by DDC. > Immunoinhibitor > Immunostimulator > MHC molecule

> Immunoinhibitor [ TOP ]

> Immunostimulator [ TOP ]

> MHC molecule [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	DDC
Name	dopa decarboxylase (aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase)
Aliases	AADC; DOPA decarboxylase; Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase
Chromosomal Location	7p12.1
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between chemokines (or receptors) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of DDC. In this tab, users can examine which chemokines (or receptors) might be regulated by the current gene. > Chemokine > Receptor

> Chemokine [ TOP ]

> Receptor [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	DDC
Name	dopa decarboxylase (aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase)
Aliases	AADC; DOPA decarboxylase; Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase
Chromosomal Location	7p12.1
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Distribution of DDC expression across immune and molecular subtypes. > Immune subtype > Molecular subtype

> Immune subtype [ TOP ]

> Molecular subtype [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	DDC
Name	dopa decarboxylase (aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase)
Aliases	AADC; DOPA decarboxylase; Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase
Chromosomal Location	7p12.1
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Associations between DDC and clinical features. > Overall survival analysis > Cancer stage > Tumor grade

> Overall survival [ TOP ]

> Stage [ TOP ]

> Grade [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	DDC
Name	dopa decarboxylase (aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase)
Aliases	AADC; DOPA decarboxylase; Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase
Chromosomal Location	7p12.1
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Drugs targeting DDC collected from DrugBank database.

> Drugs from DrugBank database

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Details on drugs targeting DDC.

ID	Name	Drug Type	Targets	#Targets
DB00114	Pyridoxal Phosphate	Small Molecule	AADAT, ABAT, AGXT, AGXT2, ALAS1, ALAS2, AZIN2, BCAT1, BCAT2, CBS, ......	54
DB00190	Carbidopa	Small Molecule	DDC	1
DB00968	Methyldopa	Small Molecule	ADRA2A, DDC	2
DB05307	CHF-1512	Small Molecule	DDC	1

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