TISIDB

Summary
Symbol	GNG12
Name	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 12
Aliases	G-protein gamma-12 subunit; Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12
Chromosomal Location	1p31.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Basic function annotation. > Subcellular Location, Domain and Function > Gene Ontology > KEGG and Reactome Pathway

> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function [ TOP ]
Subcellular Location	Cell membrane Lipid-anchor Cytoplasmic side
Domain	PF00631 GGL domain
Function	Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction.

> Gene Ontology [ TOP ]
Biological Process	GO:0002237 response to molecule of bacterial origin GO:0021537 telencephalon development GO:0021543 pallium development GO:0021987 cerebral cortex development GO:0030900 forebrain development GO:0032496 response to lipopolysaccharide GO:0033762 response to glucagon GO:0043434 response to peptide hormone GO:0071375 cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus GO:0071377 cellular response to glucagon stimulus GO:0071417 cellular response to organonitrogen compound GO:1901652 response to peptide GO:1901653 cellular response to peptide
Molecular Function	GO:0030165 PDZ domain binding GO:0042301 phosphate ion binding GO:0043168 anion binding
Cellular Component	GO:0005834 heterotrimeric G-protein complex GO:0005884 actin filament GO:0009898 cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane GO:0015629 actin cytoskeleton GO:0019897 extrinsic component of plasma membrane GO:0019898 extrinsic component of membrane GO:0031234 extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane GO:0098552 side of membrane GO:0098562 cytoplasmic side of membrane GO:1905360 GTPase complex

> KEGG and Reactome Pathway [ TOP ]
KEGG	hsa04010 MAPK signaling pathway hsa04014 Ras signaling pathway hsa04062 Chemokine signaling pathway hsa04151 PI3K-Akt signaling pathway hsa04713 Circadian entrainment hsa04723 Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling hsa04724 Glutamatergic synapse hsa04725 Cholinergic synapse hsa04726 Serotonergic synapse hsa04727 GABAergic synapse hsa04728 Dopaminergic synapse hsa04810 Regulation of actin cytoskeleton
Reactome	R-HSA-418592: ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 R-HSA-392170: ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 R-HSA-1296041: Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels R-HSA-991365: Activation of GABAB receptors R-HSA-451326: Activation of Kainate Receptors upon glutamate binding R-HSA-400042: Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion R-HSA-445717: Aquaporin-mediated transport R-HSA-3858494: Beta-catenin independent WNT signaling R-HSA-4086398: Ca2+ pathway R-HSA-390466: Chaperonin-mediated protein folding R-HSA-373080: Class B/2 (Secretin family receptors) R-HSA-6814122: Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding R-HSA-416482: G alpha (12/13) signalling events R-HSA-418594: G alpha (i) signalling events R-HSA-416476: G alpha (q) signalling events R-HSA-418555: G alpha (s) signalling events R-HSA-418597: G alpha (z) signalling events R-HSA-392451: G beta R-HSA-418217: G beta R-HSA-1296059: G protein gated Potassium channels R-HSA-202040: G-protein activation R-HSA-397795: G-protein beta R-HSA-977444: GABA B receptor activation R-HSA-977443: GABA receptor activation R-HSA-388396: GPCR downstream signaling R-HSA-500792: GPCR ligand binding R-HSA-881907: Gastrin-CREB signalling pathway via PKC and MAPK R-HSA-163359: Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation R-HSA-381676: Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion R-HSA-420092: Glucagon-type ligand receptors R-HSA-109582: Hemostasis R-HSA-997272: Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits R-HSA-163685: Integration of energy metabolism R-HSA-1296065: Inwardly rectifying K+ channels R-HSA-1430728: Metabolism R-HSA-392499: Metabolism of proteins R-HSA-112316: Neuronal System R-HSA-112314: Neurotransmitter Receptor Binding And Downstream Transmission In The Postsynaptic Cell R-HSA-111885: Opioid Signalling R-HSA-76002: Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation R-HSA-418346: Platelet homeostasis R-HSA-1296071: Potassium Channels R-HSA-500657: Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors R-HSA-392851: Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor R-HSA-391251: Protein folding R-HSA-422356: Regulation of insulin secretion R-HSA-162582: Signal Transduction R-HSA-392518: Signal amplification R-HSA-372790: Signaling by GPCR R-HSA-195721: Signaling by Wnt R-HSA-456926: Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) R-HSA-428930: Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor R-HSA-382551: Transmembrane transport of small molecules R-HSA-112315: Transmission across Chemical Synapses R-HSA-432040: Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins

> KEGG and Reactome Pathway

[ TOP ]

KEGG

hsa04010 MAPK signaling pathway
hsa04014 Ras signaling pathway
hsa04062 Chemokine signaling pathway
hsa04151 PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
hsa04713 Circadian entrainment
hsa04723 Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling
hsa04724 Glutamatergic synapse
hsa04725 Cholinergic synapse
hsa04726 Serotonergic synapse
hsa04727 GABAergic synapse
hsa04728 Dopaminergic synapse
hsa04810 Regulation of actin cytoskeleton

Reactome

R-HSA-418592: ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1
R-HSA-392170: ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12
R-HSA-1296041: Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels
R-HSA-991365: Activation of GABAB receptors
R-HSA-451326: Activation of Kainate Receptors upon glutamate binding
R-HSA-400042: Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion
R-HSA-445717: Aquaporin-mediated transport
R-HSA-3858494: Beta-catenin independent WNT signaling
R-HSA-4086398: Ca2+ pathway
R-HSA-390466: Chaperonin-mediated protein folding
R-HSA-373080: Class B/2 (Secretin family receptors)
R-HSA-6814122: Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding
R-HSA-416482: G alpha (12/13) signalling events
R-HSA-418594: G alpha (i) signalling events
R-HSA-416476: G alpha (q) signalling events
R-HSA-418555: G alpha (s) signalling events
R-HSA-418597: G alpha (z) signalling events
R-HSA-392451: G beta
R-HSA-418217: G beta
R-HSA-1296059: G protein gated Potassium channels
R-HSA-202040: G-protein activation
R-HSA-397795: G-protein beta
R-HSA-977444: GABA B receptor activation
R-HSA-977443: GABA receptor activation
R-HSA-388396: GPCR downstream signaling
R-HSA-500792: GPCR ligand binding
R-HSA-881907: Gastrin-CREB signalling pathway via PKC and MAPK
R-HSA-163359: Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation
R-HSA-381676: Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion
R-HSA-420092: Glucagon-type ligand receptors
R-HSA-109582: Hemostasis
R-HSA-997272: Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits
R-HSA-163685: Integration of energy metabolism
R-HSA-1296065: Inwardly rectifying K+ channels
R-HSA-1430728: Metabolism
R-HSA-392499: Metabolism of proteins
R-HSA-112316: Neuronal System
R-HSA-112314: Neurotransmitter Receptor Binding And Downstream Transmission In The Postsynaptic Cell
R-HSA-111885: Opioid Signalling
R-HSA-76002: Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation
R-HSA-418346: Platelet homeostasis
R-HSA-1296071: Potassium Channels
R-HSA-500657: Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors
R-HSA-392851: Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor
R-HSA-391251: Protein folding
R-HSA-422356: Regulation of insulin secretion
R-HSA-162582: Signal Transduction
R-HSA-392518: Signal amplification
R-HSA-372790: Signaling by GPCR
R-HSA-195721: Signaling by Wnt
R-HSA-456926: Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs)
R-HSA-428930: Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor
R-HSA-382551: Transmembrane transport of small molecules
R-HSA-112315: Transmission across Chemical Synapses
R-HSA-432040: Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins

Summary
Symbol	GNG12
Name	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 12
Aliases	G-protein gamma-12 subunit; Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12
Chromosomal Location	1p31.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Literatures that report relations between GNG12 and anti-tumor immunity. The specific mechanism were also collected if the literature reports that a gene specifically promotes or inhibits the infiltration or function of T/NK cells.

> Text Mining [ TOP ]
There is no record.

Summary
Symbol	GNG12
Name	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 12
Aliases	G-protein gamma-12 subunit; Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12
Chromosomal Location	1p31.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	High-throughput screening data (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9, shRNA and RNAi) for T cell-mediated killing. Genetic screen techniques can identify mechanisms of tumor cell resistance (e.g., PTPN2) and sensitivity (e.g., APLNR) to killing by cytotoxic T cells, the central effectors of anti-tumor immunity. After comprehensively searching, eight groups of screening data sets were collected in the current database. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes cause resistance or increase sensitivity to T cell-mediated killing in various data sets.

> High-throughput Screening

[ TOP ]

Statistical results of GNG12 in screening data sets for detecting immune reponses.

PMID	Screening System	Cancer Type	Cell Line	Data Set	Statistical Results	Relation to immunity
29301958	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16F10	Pmel-1 T cell	NA/NS	NA/NS
29301958	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16F10	OT-1 T cell	NA/NS	NA/NS
28783722	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	Mel624	2CT-CRISPR	NA/NS	NA/NS
28723893	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16	GVAX+Anti-PD1	STARS Score: 3.53; FDR: 0.044	Resistant to T cell-mediated killing
28723893	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16	GVAX	STARS Score: 4.23; FDR: 0.016	Resistant to T cell-mediated killing
25691366	RNAi	Breast cancer	MCF7	Luc-CTL assay	NA/NS	NA/NS
24476824	shRNA	melanoma	B16	Primary screen	NA/NS	NA/NS
24476824	shRNA	melanoma	B16	Secondary screen	NA/NS	NA/NS

Summary
Symbol	GNG12
Name	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 12
Aliases	G-protein gamma-12 subunit; Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12
Chromosomal Location	1p31.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Transcriptomic and genomic profiling of pre-treated tumor biopsies from responders and non-responders to immunotherapy. These data were used to identify signatures and mechanisms of response to checkpoint blockade (e.g., anti-PDL1 and anti-PD1). One example is that mutations in the gene PBRM1 benefit clinical survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. After comprehensively searching, we collected 5 and 6 of transcriptomic and genomic data sets, respectively. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes have significant difference of expression or mutation between responders and non-responders in various data sets. > Expression difference between responders and non-responders > Mutation difference between responders and non-responders

> Expression difference between responders and non-responders

[ TOP ]

Points in the above scatter plot represent the expression difference of GNG12 in various data sets.

No	PMID	Cancer type	Group	Drug	# Res	# NRes	Log2 (Fold Change)	P value
1	26997480	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	14	12	0.434	0.184
2	26997480	Melanoma	MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	6	5	0.567	0.843
3	26997480	Melanoma	non-MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	8	7	0.346	0.86
4	28552987	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	9	16	-0.057	0.886
5	28552987	Urothelial cancer	smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	5	9	-0.288	0.812
6	28552987	Urothelial cancer	non-smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	4	7	0.231	0.869
7	29033130	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	26	23	-0.203	0.686
8	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-PROG	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	15	11	-0.216	0.923
9	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-NAIVE	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	11	12	-0.202	0.936
10	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	4	8	0.012	0.994
11	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	2	0	0	1
12	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	non-VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	2	8	0.273	0.911
13	29443960	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	68	230	-0.319	0.00175

> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders

[ TOP ]

Points in the above scatter plot represent the mutation difference of GNG12 in various data sets.

No	PMID	Cancer type	Group	Drug	# Res	# NRes	Pval
1	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	14	17	1
2	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	smoking	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	10	3	1
3	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	non-smoking	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	4	14	1
4	26359337	Melanoma	all	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	27	73	1
5	26359337	Melanoma	BRAFi	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	0	14	1
6	26359337	Melanoma	non-BRAFi	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	27	59	1
7	26997480	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	21	17	1
8	26997480	Melanoma	MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	8	6	1
9	26997480	Melanoma	non-MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	13	11	1
10	28552987	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	9	16	1
11	28552987	Urothelial cancer	smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	5	9	1
12	28552987	Urothelial cancer	non-smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	4	7	1
13	29033130	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	38	27	1
14	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-PROG	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	22	13	1
15	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-NAIVE	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	16	14	1
16	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	11	13	1
17	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	6	1	1
18	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	non-VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	5	12	1

Summary
Symbol	GNG12
Name	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 12
Aliases	G-protein gamma-12 subunit; Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12
Chromosomal Location	1p31.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of GNG12. The immune-related signatures of 28 TIL types from Charoentong's study, which can be viewed in the download page. For each cancer type, the relative abundance of TILs were inferred by using gene set variation analysis (GSVA) based on gene expression profile. In this tab, users can examine which kinds of TILs might be regulated by the current gene.

> Lymphocyte [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	GNG12
Name	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 12
Aliases	G-protein gamma-12 subunit; Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12
Chromosomal Location	1p31.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between three kinds of immunomodulators and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of GNG12. These immunomo-dulators were collected from Charoentong's study. In this tab, users can examine which immunomodulators might be regulated by GNG12. > Immunoinhibitor > Immunostimulator > MHC molecule

> Immunoinhibitor [ TOP ]

> Immunostimulator [ TOP ]

> MHC molecule [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	GNG12
Name	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 12
Aliases	G-protein gamma-12 subunit; Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12
Chromosomal Location	1p31.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between chemokines (or receptors) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of GNG12. In this tab, users can examine which chemokines (or receptors) might be regulated by the current gene. > Chemokine > Receptor

> Chemokine [ TOP ]

> Receptor [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	GNG12
Name	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 12
Aliases	G-protein gamma-12 subunit; Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12
Chromosomal Location	1p31.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Distribution of GNG12 expression across immune and molecular subtypes. > Immune subtype > Molecular subtype

> Immune subtype [ TOP ]

> Molecular subtype [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	GNG12
Name	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 12
Aliases	G-protein gamma-12 subunit; Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12
Chromosomal Location	1p31.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Associations between GNG12 and clinical features. > Overall survival analysis > Cancer stage > Tumor grade

> Overall survival [ TOP ]

> Stage [ TOP ]

> Grade [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	GNG12
Name	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 12
Aliases	G-protein gamma-12 subunit; Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12
Chromosomal Location	1p31.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Drugs targeting GNG12 collected from DrugBank database.

> Drugs from DrugBank database [ TOP ]
There is no record.

Browse GNG12