Browse MICA

Summary
SymbolMICA
NameMHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A
Aliases PERB11.1; MIC-A; HLA class I antigen; MHC class I chain-related protein A
Chromosomal Location6p21.3
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Basic function annotation.
> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function
> Gene Ontology
> KEGG and Reactome Pathway
> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function
 
Subcellular Location Cell membrane Single-pass type I membrane protein Cytoplasm Note=Expressed on the cell surface in gastric epithelium, endothelial cells and fibroblasts and in the cytoplasm in keratinocytes and monocytes. Infection with human adenovirus 5 suppresses cell surface expression due to the adenoviral E3-19K protein which causes retention in the endoplasmic reticulum.
Domain PF07654 Immunoglobulin C1-set domain
PF00129 Class I Histocompatibility antigen
Function

Seems to have no role in antigen presentation. Acts as a stress-induced self-antigen that is recognized by gamma delta T-cells. Ligand for the KLRK1/NKG2D receptor. Binding to KLRK1 leads to cell lysis.

> Gene Ontology
 
Biological Process GO:0001906 cell killing
GO:0001909 leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity
GO:0001910 regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity
GO:0001911 negative regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity
GO:0001913 T cell mediated cytotoxicity
GO:0002228 natural killer cell mediated immunity
GO:0002250 adaptive immune response
GO:0002347 response to tumor cell
GO:0002418 immune response to tumor cell
GO:0002443 leukocyte mediated immunity
GO:0002449 lymphocyte mediated immunity
GO:0002456 T cell mediated immunity
GO:0002460 adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains
GO:0002683 negative regulation of immune system process
GO:0002694 regulation of leukocyte activation
GO:0002695 negative regulation of leukocyte activation
GO:0002697 regulation of immune effector process
GO:0002698 negative regulation of immune effector process
GO:0002703 regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity
GO:0002704 negative regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity
GO:0002706 regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity
GO:0002707 negative regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity
GO:0002715 regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity
GO:0002716 negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity
GO:0007159 leukocyte cell-cell adhesion
GO:0009266 response to temperature stimulus
GO:0009408 response to heat
GO:0009615 response to virus
GO:0019835 cytolysis
GO:0019882 antigen processing and presentation
GO:0030101 natural killer cell activation
GO:0031341 regulation of cell killing
GO:0031342 negative regulation of cell killing
GO:0031348 negative regulation of defense response
GO:0032814 regulation of natural killer cell activation
GO:0032815 negative regulation of natural killer cell activation
GO:0042110 T cell activation
GO:0042267 natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity
GO:0042269 regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity
GO:0042742 defense response to bacterium
GO:0045088 regulation of innate immune response
GO:0045824 negative regulation of innate immune response
GO:0045953 negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity
GO:0046629 gamma-delta T cell activation
GO:0050777 negative regulation of immune response
GO:0050865 regulation of cell activation
GO:0050866 negative regulation of cell activation
GO:0051249 regulation of lymphocyte activation
GO:0051250 negative regulation of lymphocyte activation
GO:0051607 defense response to virus
GO:0070486 leukocyte aggregation
GO:0070489 T cell aggregation
GO:0071593 lymphocyte aggregation
GO:0098542 defense response to other organism
Molecular Function GO:0003823 antigen binding
GO:0046703 natural killer cell lectin-like receptor binding
Cellular Component -
> KEGG and Reactome Pathway
 
KEGG hsa04650 Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity
Reactome R-HSA-1280218: Adaptive Immune System
R-HSA-168256: Immune System
R-HSA-198933: Immunoregulatory interactions between a Lymphoid and a non-Lymphoid cell
Summary
SymbolMICA
NameMHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A
Aliases PERB11.1; MIC-A; HLA class I antigen; MHC class I chain-related protein A
Chromosomal Location6p21.3
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Literatures that report relations between MICA and anti-tumor immunity. The specific mechanism were also collected if the literature reports that a gene specifically promotes or inhibits the infiltration or function of T/NK cells.
> Text Mining
 
  Literatures describing the relation between MICA and anti-tumor immunity in human cancer.
PMID Cancer type Relation to immunity Evidence sentences
25744717MelanomaPromote immunity (NK cell function)Finally, we provide strong evidences that CEACAM1-3S triggers melanoma cells for NK cell-mediated cytolysis by upregulating cell surface expression of MICA and ULBP2, whereas CEACAM1-4L causes the contrary effect due to enhanced shedding of both NKG2D ligands (NKG2DLs).
18354183MelanomaPromote immunity (NK cell function); essential for immunotherapyIntracellular retention of the NKG2D ligand MHC class I chain-related gene A in human melanomas confers immune privilege and prevents NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Furthermore, this tumor immune escape strategy can be overcome by gene therapy approaches aimed at overexpressing MICA on tumor cells.
22431037Oral squamous cell carcinomaPromote immunity; essential for immunotherapyMICA gene modified Tb tumor vaccine resulted in remarkable loss of tumor size and tumor weight in vaccinated Hu-PBL/SCID mice. Flow cytometry and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay showed MICA gene modified Tb tumor vaccine up-regulated the expression of NKG2D on PBMC and spleen cells and enhanced the cytotoxicity to tumor cells. MICA gene modified oral squamous cell carcinoma vaccine can enhance the ability of antitumor immune response,and MICA may be considered as a promising immunotherapy target of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
22389962Oral squamous cell carcinomaPromote immunity (T and NK cell function)Flow cytometry and LDH release assay showed that MICA-overexpressed OSCC cells enhanced the cytotoxicity to target tumor cells and up-regulated the expression of NKG2D on NK92 and CTL (P<0.05).
23526433Breast Carcinoma; Pancreatic Carcinoma; Prostate CarcinomaPromote immunity (T cell function)The interaction of the MHC class I-related chain molecules A and B (MICA and MICB) with the corresponding natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D) receptor triggers cytotoxic effector activity of natural killer cells and certain T-cell subsets and provides a costimulatory signal for cytokine production. Flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) revealed that all tested tumor cells constitutively expressed MICA and MICB on the cell surface and also released NKG2D ligands into the supernatant. Studies using RNA interference not only revealed a prominent role of ADAM10 and ADAM17 in NKG2D ligand shedding but also a tumor cell-specific role of ADAM10 and/or ADAM17 in shedding of MICA or MICB. These data indicate that the release of NKG2D ligands from individual tumor entities is by far more complex than suggested in previously reported MICA/B transfection systems.
23509364Breast Carcinoma; Hepatocellular Carcinoma; Colorectal CarcinomaPromote immunityNK group 2, member D (NKG2D) is an NK cell-activating receptor crucially involved in cancer immunosurveillance. In this study, we show that induction of EMT by TGF-β stimulation of human keratinocytes, by glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibition in several epithelial tumor cell lines, and by Snail1 overexpression in colorectal cancer cells strongly upregulated the expression of NKG2D ligands (NKG2DLs), MHC class I chain-related molecules A and B (MICA/B) and ULBP1-3.
23493799MelanomaPromote immunityInterestingly, this MICA overexpression makes melanoma cells more sensitive to in vitro lysis by NK cells. Interestingly, this MICA overexpression makes melanoma cells more sensitive to in vitro lysis by NK cells.
21257710Colorectal CarcinomaPromote immunityThe NK cell recognition receptor MHC class I chain-related protein A (MICA) was upregulated following STAT3 neutralization, and a direct interaction between STAT3 and the MICA promoter was identified. We found that STAT3 negatively regulated MICA expression after irradiation or heat shock, including in lymphocytes activated by CD3/CD28 ligation.
16754847MelanomaPromote immunityTherapy-induced antibodies to MHC class I chain-related protein A antagonize immune suppression and stimulate antitumor cytotoxicity. The activation of NKG2D on innate and adaptive cytotoxic lymphocytes contributes to immune-mediated tumor destruction. Nonetheless, tumor cell shedding of NKG2D ligands, such as MHC class I chain-related protein A (MICA), results in immune suppression through down-regulation of NKG2D surface expression. Together, these findings establish a key role for the NKG2D pathway in the clinical activity of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 antibody blockade and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor secreting tumor cell vaccines.
23820258Acute Myeloid Leukemia; AdenocarcinomaPromote immunity (NK cell function); essential for immunotherapyNKG2D recognises several ligands, including polymorphic major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related chain-related proteins A and B (MICA/B) and unique long 16-binding proteins (ULBPs). These ligands are present on cancer cells and are recognised by NKG2D in a cell-structure-sensing manner, triggering natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity. Treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 enhanced the susceptibility of both the haematological tumour cell line Kasumi-1 and solid tumour cell line MDA-MB-231 to NK92 cells. 1,25(OH)2D3 facilitates the immuno-attack of NK cells against malignant cells partly through downregulation of miR-302c and miR-520c and hence upregulation of the NKG2D ligands MICA/B and ULBP2.
21061445NeuroblastomaInhibit immunity (NK cell function)Most importantly, elevated sMICA levels in patients plasma correlated significantly with impaired dNK-cell-mediated cytotoxicity. This effect could be reversed by high-dose infusion of activated dNK cells, which display high levels of surface NKG2D. Our data suggest that the provided excess of NKG2D leads to clearance of sMICA and preserves cytotoxicity of dNK cells via non-occupied NKG2D.
19755991Ovarian CarcinomaPromote immunityTumours expressing high levels of HLA class I had significantly improved survival (P=0.044). HLA class I antigen was shown to be expressed at higher levels in patients with good overall survival in platinum-resistant patients (P=0.042). HLA class I significantly correlated with overall survival on multivariate analyses (P=0.034).
17255258Gastric CarcinomaInhibit immunityNKG2D expression on circulating CD8(+) T cells was down-regulated and significantly correlated with IFN-gamma production in gastric cancer patients (r = 0.68; P = 0.007). Transwell experiments showed that this down-regulation was induced by direct contact between cancer cells and CD8(+) T cells and that soluble factors did not affect the NKG2D expression. This phenomenon was blocked by the addition of anti-MICA antibodies.
24994597melanomaPromote immunityAssociations between HLA class I antigen expression and the efficacy of a melanoma vaccine (Melacine; Corixa Corp.) were initially described in stage IV melanoma.
29308322MelanomaPromote immunity (NK cell function)We demonstrate that BRAFV600E mutant melanoma cells cultured in the presence of vemurafenib, strongly decreased surface expression of ligands for NK activating receptors including the NKG2D-ligand, MICA, and the DNAM-1 ligand, CD155, and became significantly less susceptible to NK cell attack.
29308299Metastatic Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung CarcinomaPromote immunity (NK cell function)Here we report that platelet-coating reduces surface expression of NKG2D ligands, in particular MICA and MICB, on tumor cells, which was mirrored by enhanced release of their soluble ectodomains.
16103105Plasma Cell MyelomaPromote immunityMICA expressed by multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance plasma cells Costimulates pamidronate-activated gammadelta lymphocytes. Our results indicate that MICA expressed by monoclonal plasma cells is functional and correlates with disease stages, suggesting a role for the molecule in the immune surveillance against multiple myeloma.
16024634Hepatocellular CarcinomaPromote immunity (NK cell function)The induction of MIC molecules increased lysis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by NK cells which was abolished by addition of a blocking NKG2D antibody.
16243826Acute Monocytic Leukemia; Breast Carcinoma; Ovarian CarcinomaEssential for immunotherapyMHC class I-related chain A conjugated to antitumor antibodies can sensitize tumor cells to specific lysis by natural killer cells. Importantly, preincubation of the tumor cells with the appropriate Fab-rMICA conjugate resulted in NK cell-mediated tumor cell lysis.
25164008breast carcinomaPromote immunityPrimary BCSCs were resistant to cytotoxicity mediated by autologous/allogeneic NK cells due to reduced expression of MICA and MICB, two ligands for the stimulatoryNKcell receptor NKG2D. Furthermore, the downregulation of MICA/MICB in BCSCs was mediated by aberrantly expressed oncogenic miR20a, which promoted the resistance of BCSC to NK cell cytotoxicity and resultant lung metastasis.
16929491pancreatic carcinomaInhibit immunityOur results demonstrate that sMIC impairs NKG2D-mediated immunity against pancreatic carcinoma by directly diminishing cytotoxicity of gammadelta T cells and NK cells. IFN-alpha, which is used in adjuvant treatment of pancreatic carcinoma, might partly act via up-regulation of MIC without induction of sMIC release.
16891318GlioblastomaPromote immunityWe further delineate two independent mechanisms that can explain these expression patterns: (i) transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is upregulated during malignant progression and selectively downregulates MICA, ULBP2 and ULBP4 expression, while MICB, ULBP1 and ULBP3 are unaffected. (ii) Cleavage of MICA and ULBP2 is reduced by inhibition of metalloproteinases (MP), whereas no changes in the expression levels of other NKG2DL were detected. Consequently, NKG2DL-dependent NK cell-mediated lysis is enhanced by depletion of TGF-beta or inhibition of MP.
16818683Head and Neck Squamous CarcinomaPromote immunityRecent revival of interest in the role of immune surveillance in the pathogenesis and control of malignant diseases has focused attention on escape mechanisms used by tumor cells to evade immune recognition. Defects in the host's tumor antigen-specific immune responses and abnormalities in tumor cell expression of HLA class I molecules and tumor antigen are known to contribute to tumor progression.
Summary
SymbolMICA
NameMHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A
Aliases PERB11.1; MIC-A; HLA class I antigen; MHC class I chain-related protein A
Chromosomal Location6p21.3
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content High-throughput screening data (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9, shRNA and RNAi) for T cell-mediated killing. Genetic screen techniques can identify mechanisms of tumor cell resistance (e.g., PTPN2) and sensitivity (e.g., APLNR) to killing by cytotoxic T cells, the central effectors of anti-tumor immunity. After comprehensively searching, eight groups of screening data sets were collected in the current database. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes cause resistance or increase sensitivity to T cell-mediated killing in various data sets.
> High-throughput Screening
  Statistical results of MICA in screening data sets for detecting immune reponses.
PMID Screening System Cancer Type Cell Line Data Set Statistical Results Relation to immunity
29301958CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16F10Pmel-1 T cell NA/NSNA/NS
29301958CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16F10OT-1 T cell NA/NSNA/NS
28783722CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaMel6242CT-CRISPR NA/NSNA/NS
28723893CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16GVAX+Anti-PD1 NA/NSNA/NS
28723893CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16GVAX NA/NSNA/NS
25691366RNAiBreast cancerMCF7Luc-CTL assay NA/NSNA/NS
24476824shRNAmelanomaB16Primary screen NA/NSNA/NS
24476824shRNAmelanomaB16Secondary screen NA/NSNA/NS
Summary
SymbolMICA
NameMHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A
Aliases PERB11.1; MIC-A; HLA class I antigen; MHC class I chain-related protein A
Chromosomal Location6p21.3
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Transcriptomic and genomic profiling of pre-treated tumor biopsies from responders and non-responders to immunotherapy. These data were used to identify signatures and mechanisms of response to checkpoint blockade (e.g., anti-PDL1 and anti-PD1). One example is that mutations in the gene PBRM1 benefit clinical survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. After comprehensively searching, we collected 5 and 6 of transcriptomic and genomic data sets, respectively. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes have significant difference of expression or mutation between responders and non-responders in various data sets.
> Expression difference between responders and non-responders
> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders
> Expression difference between responders and non-responders
 
Points in the above scatter plot represent the expression difference of MICA in various data sets.
No PMID Cancer type Group Drug # Res # NRes Log2 (Fold Change) P value Anno
126997480MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)14120.0530.822
226997480MelanomaMAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)650.0140.973
326997480Melanomanon-MAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)870.0780.83
428552987Urothelial cancerallAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 9160.2330.547
528552987Urothelial cancersmokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 590.1050.954
628552987Urothelial cancernon-smokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 470.3880.856
729033130MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 26230.2050.636
829033130MelanomaNIV3-PROGAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 15110.5980.627
929033130MelanomaNIV3-NAIVEAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 1112-0.2110.875
1029301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)allAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 480.2830.832
1129301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 2001
1229301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)non-VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 280.8330.651
1329443960Urothelial cancerallAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 68230-0.3940.000724
> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders
 
Points in the above scatter plot represent the mutation difference of MICA in various data sets.
No PMID Cancer type Group Drug # Res # NRes % Mut/Res % Mut/NRes % Diff (R vs NR) Pval Anno
125765070Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)allAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) 14177.107.10.452
225765070Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)smokingAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) 1030001
325765070Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)non-smokingAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) 414250250.222
426359337MelanomaallAnti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) 27730001
526359337MelanomaBRAFiAnti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) 0140001
626359337Melanomanon-BRAFiAnti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) 27590001
726997480MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)21170001
826997480MelanomaMAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)860001
926997480Melanomanon-MAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)13110001
1028552987Urothelial cancerallAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 9160001
1128552987Urothelial cancersmokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 590001
1228552987Urothelial cancernon-smokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 470001
1329033130MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 38272.602.61
1429033130MelanomaNIV3-PROGAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 22130001
1529033130MelanomaNIV3-NAIVEAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 16146.206.21
1629301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)allAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 11130001
1729301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 610001
1829301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)non-VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 5120001
Summary
SymbolMICA
NameMHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A
Aliases PERB11.1; MIC-A; HLA class I antigen; MHC class I chain-related protein A
Chromosomal Location6p21.3
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Relations between abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of MICA. The immune-related signatures of 28 TIL types from Charoentong's study, which can be viewed in the download page. For each cancer type, the relative abundance of TILs were inferred by using gene set variation analysis (GSVA) based on gene expression profile. In this tab, users can examine which kinds of TILs might be regulated by the current gene.
> Lymphocyte
 
Summary
SymbolMICA
NameMHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A
Aliases PERB11.1; MIC-A; HLA class I antigen; MHC class I chain-related protein A
Chromosomal Location6p21.3
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Relations between three kinds of immunomodulators and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of MICA. These immunomo-dulators were collected from Charoentong's study. In this tab, users can examine which immunomodulators might be regulated by MICA.
> Immunoinhibitor
> Immunostimulator
> MHC molecule
> Immunoinhibitor
 
> Immunostimulator
 
> MHC molecule
 
Summary
SymbolMICA
NameMHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A
Aliases PERB11.1; MIC-A; HLA class I antigen; MHC class I chain-related protein A
Chromosomal Location6p21.3
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Relations between chemokines (or receptors) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of MICA. In this tab, users can examine which chemokines (or receptors) might be regulated by the current gene.
> Chemokine
> Receptor
> Chemokine
 
> Receptor
 
Summary
SymbolMICA
NameMHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A
Aliases PERB11.1; MIC-A; HLA class I antigen; MHC class I chain-related protein A
Chromosomal Location6p21.3
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Distribution of MICA expression across immune and molecular subtypes.
> Immune subtype
> Molecular subtype
> Immune subtype
 
> Molecular subtype
 
Summary
SymbolMICA
NameMHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A
Aliases PERB11.1; MIC-A; HLA class I antigen; MHC class I chain-related protein A
Chromosomal Location6p21.3
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Associations between MICA and clinical features.
> Overall survival analysis
> Cancer stage
> Tumor grade
> Overall survival
 
> Stage
 
> Grade
 
Summary
SymbolMICA
NameMHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A
Aliases PERB11.1; MIC-A; HLA class I antigen; MHC class I chain-related protein A
Chromosomal Location6p21.3
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Drugs targeting MICA collected from DrugBank database.
> Drugs from DrugBank database
 

There is no record.