Browse ALDH1A2

Summary
SymbolALDH1A2
Namealdehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2
Aliases RALDH2; retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2; RALDH(II); RALDH2-T; RALDH 2; retinaldehyde-specific dehydrogenase ty ......
Chromosomal Location15q21.2
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Basic function annotation.
> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function
> Gene Ontology
> KEGG and Reactome Pathway
> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function
 
Subcellular Location Cytoplasm.
Domain PF00171 Aldehyde dehydrogenase family
Function

Recognizes as substrates free retinal and cellular retinol-binding protein-bound retinal. Does metabolize octanal and decanal but does not metabolize citral, benzaldehyde, acetaldehyde and propanal efficiently (By similarity).

> Gene Ontology
 
Biological Process GO:0001101 response to acid chemical
GO:0001523 retinoid metabolic process
GO:0001654 eye development
GO:0001655 urogenital system development
GO:0001822 kidney development
GO:0001889 liver development
GO:0001935 endothelial cell proliferation
GO:0001936 regulation of endothelial cell proliferation
GO:0002138 retinoic acid biosynthetic process
GO:0003002 regionalization
GO:0003007 heart morphogenesis
GO:0006066 alcohol metabolic process
GO:0006081 cellular aldehyde metabolic process
GO:0006720 isoprenoid metabolic process
GO:0006721 terpenoid metabolic process
GO:0006766 vitamin metabolic process
GO:0006775 fat-soluble vitamin metabolic process
GO:0006776 vitamin A metabolic process
GO:0007389 pattern specification process
GO:0007423 sensory organ development
GO:0007494 midgut development
GO:0007507 heart development
GO:0007584 response to nutrient
GO:0008299 isoprenoid biosynthetic process
GO:0009799 specification of symmetry
GO:0009855 determination of bilateral symmetry
GO:0009952 anterior/posterior pattern specification
GO:0009954 proximal/distal pattern formation
GO:0009991 response to extracellular stimulus
GO:0010817 regulation of hormone levels
GO:0014031 mesenchymal cell development
GO:0014032 neural crest cell development
GO:0014033 neural crest cell differentiation
GO:0014706 striated muscle tissue development
GO:0016053 organic acid biosynthetic process
GO:0016101 diterpenoid metabolic process
GO:0016102 diterpenoid biosynthetic process
GO:0016114 terpenoid biosynthetic process
GO:0016331 morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium
GO:0021536 diencephalon development
GO:0021700 developmental maturation
GO:0021915 neural tube development
GO:0021983 pituitary gland development
GO:0030323 respiratory tube development
GO:0030324 lung development
GO:0030326 embryonic limb morphogenesis
GO:0030522 intracellular receptor signaling pathway
GO:0030900 forebrain development
GO:0030902 hindbrain development
GO:0031016 pancreas development
GO:0031076 embryonic camera-type eye development
GO:0031667 response to nutrient levels
GO:0032355 response to estradiol
GO:0032526 response to retinoic acid
GO:0033189 response to vitamin A
GO:0033273 response to vitamin
GO:0034308 primary alcohol metabolic process
GO:0034754 cellular hormone metabolic process
GO:0035107 appendage morphogenesis
GO:0035108 limb morphogenesis
GO:0035113 embryonic appendage morphogenesis
GO:0035115 embryonic forelimb morphogenesis
GO:0035136 forelimb morphogenesis
GO:0035270 endocrine system development
GO:0035799 ureter maturation
GO:0042445 hormone metabolic process
GO:0042572 retinol metabolic process
GO:0042573 retinoic acid metabolic process
GO:0042574 retinal metabolic process
GO:0042904 9-cis-retinoic acid biosynthetic process
GO:0042905 9-cis-retinoic acid metabolic process
GO:0043010 camera-type eye development
GO:0044283 small molecule biosynthetic process
GO:0046394 carboxylic acid biosynthetic process
GO:0048384 retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway
GO:0048565 digestive tract development
GO:0048566 embryonic digestive tract development
GO:0048568 embryonic organ development
GO:0048732 gland development
GO:0048736 appendage development
GO:0048738 cardiac muscle tissue development
GO:0048762 mesenchymal cell differentiation
GO:0048799 animal organ maturation
GO:0048863 stem cell differentiation
GO:0048864 stem cell development
GO:0050673 epithelial cell proliferation
GO:0050678 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation
GO:0055123 digestive system development
GO:0060173 limb development
GO:0060324 face development
GO:0060485 mesenchyme development
GO:0060537 muscle tissue development
GO:0060541 respiratory system development
GO:0061008 hepaticobiliary system development
GO:0071229 cellular response to acid chemical
GO:0071300 cellular response to retinoic acid
GO:0071396 cellular response to lipid
GO:0071695 anatomical structure maturation
GO:0072001 renal system development
GO:0072189 ureter development
GO:0072330 monocarboxylic acid biosynthetic process
GO:1901615 organic hydroxy compound metabolic process
Molecular Function GO:0001758 retinal dehydrogenase activity
GO:0004028 3-chloroallyl aldehyde dehydrogenase activity
GO:0004029 aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD) activity
GO:0005501 retinoid binding
GO:0016620 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor
GO:0016903 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors
GO:0016918 retinal binding
GO:0019840 isoprenoid binding
GO:0019842 vitamin binding
Cellular Component -
> KEGG and Reactome Pathway
 
KEGG hsa00830 Retinol metabolism
hsa01100 Metabolic pathways
Reactome R-HSA-5365859: RA biosynthesis pathway
R-HSA-162582: Signal Transduction
R-HSA-5362517: Signaling by Retinoic Acid
Summary
SymbolALDH1A2
Namealdehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2
Aliases RALDH2; retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2; RALDH(II); RALDH2-T; RALDH 2; retinaldehyde-specific dehydrogenase ty ......
Chromosomal Location15q21.2
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Literatures that report relations between ALDH1A2 and anti-tumor immunity. The specific mechanism were also collected if the literature reports that a gene specifically promotes or inhibits the infiltration or function of T/NK cells.
> Text Mining
 
  Literatures describing the relation between ALDH1A2 and anti-tumor immunity in human cancer.
PMID Cancer type Relation to immunity Evidence sentences
25984582Colon CarcinomaInhibit immunity (T cell function)We found that DCs exposed to butyrate express the immunosuppressive enzymes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A2 (Aldh1A2), promote conversion of naive T-cells into immunosuppressive forkhead box P3(+) (FoxP3(+)) Tregs (regulatory T-cells) and suppress conversion of naive T-cells into pro-inflammatory interferon (IFN)-γ-producing cells.
Summary
SymbolALDH1A2
Namealdehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2
Aliases RALDH2; retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2; RALDH(II); RALDH2-T; RALDH 2; retinaldehyde-specific dehydrogenase ty ......
Chromosomal Location15q21.2
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content High-throughput screening data (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9, shRNA and RNAi) for T cell-mediated killing. Genetic screen techniques can identify mechanisms of tumor cell resistance (e.g., PTPN2) and sensitivity (e.g., APLNR) to killing by cytotoxic T cells, the central effectors of anti-tumor immunity. After comprehensively searching, eight groups of screening data sets were collected in the current database. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes cause resistance or increase sensitivity to T cell-mediated killing in various data sets.
> High-throughput Screening
  Statistical results of ALDH1A2 in screening data sets for detecting immune reponses.
PMID Screening System Cancer Type Cell Line Data Set Statistical Results Relation to immunity
29301958CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16F10Pmel-1 T cell NA/NSNA/NS
29301958CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16F10OT-1 T cell NA/NSNA/NS
28783722CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaMel6242CT-CRISPR NA/NSNA/NS
28723893CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16GVAX+Anti-PD1 NA/NSNA/NS
28723893CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16GVAX NA/NSNA/NS
25691366RNAiBreast cancerMCF7Luc-CTL assay NA/NSNA/NS
24476824shRNAmelanomaB16Primary screen NA/NSNA/NS
24476824shRNAmelanomaB16Secondary screen NA/NSNA/NS
Summary
SymbolALDH1A2
Namealdehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2
Aliases RALDH2; retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2; RALDH(II); RALDH2-T; RALDH 2; retinaldehyde-specific dehydrogenase ty ......
Chromosomal Location15q21.2
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Transcriptomic and genomic profiling of pre-treated tumor biopsies from responders and non-responders to immunotherapy. These data were used to identify signatures and mechanisms of response to checkpoint blockade (e.g., anti-PDL1 and anti-PD1). One example is that mutations in the gene PBRM1 benefit clinical survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. After comprehensively searching, we collected 5 and 6 of transcriptomic and genomic data sets, respectively. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes have significant difference of expression or mutation between responders and non-responders in various data sets.
> Expression difference between responders and non-responders
> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders
> Expression difference between responders and non-responders
 
Points in the above scatter plot represent the expression difference of ALDH1A2 in various data sets.
No PMID Cancer type Group Drug # Res # NRes Log2 (Fold Change) P value Anno
126997480MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)1412-0.9530.0248
226997480MelanomaMAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)65-1.9280.00294
326997480Melanomanon-MAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)87-0.2540.689
428552987Urothelial cancerallAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 916-0.4370.371
528552987Urothelial cancersmokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 59-0.3750.792
628552987Urothelial cancernon-smokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 47-0.5240.74
729033130MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 26230.0130.977
829033130MelanomaNIV3-PROGAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 1511-0.1010.888
929033130MelanomaNIV3-NAIVEAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 11120.2190.765
1029301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)allAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 48-0.8610.455
1129301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 2001
1229301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)non-VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 28-0.7120.633
1329443960Urothelial cancerallAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 68230-0.1430.526
> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders
 
Points in the above scatter plot represent the mutation difference of ALDH1A2 in various data sets.
No PMID Cancer type Group Drug # Res # NRes % Mut/Res % Mut/NRes % Diff (R vs NR) Pval Anno
125765070Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)allAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) 14170001
225765070Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)smokingAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) 1030001
325765070Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)non-smokingAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) 4140001
426359337MelanomaallAnti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) 277311.15.55.60.384
526359337MelanomaBRAFiAnti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) 0140001
626359337Melanomanon-BRAFiAnti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) 275911.16.84.30.673
726997480MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)21174.811.8-70.577
826997480MelanomaMAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)860001
926997480Melanomanon-MAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)13117.718.2-10.50.576
1028552987Urothelial cancerallAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 91606.2-6.21
1128552987Urothelial cancersmokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 590001
1228552987Urothelial cancernon-smokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 47014.3-14.31
1329033130MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 38272.67.4-4.80.565
1429033130MelanomaNIV3-PROGAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 22134.515.4-10.90.541
1529033130MelanomaNIV3-NAIVEAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 16140001
1629301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)allAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 11130001
1729301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 610001
1829301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)non-VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 5120001
Summary
SymbolALDH1A2
Namealdehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2
Aliases RALDH2; retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2; RALDH(II); RALDH2-T; RALDH 2; retinaldehyde-specific dehydrogenase ty ......
Chromosomal Location15q21.2
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Relations between abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of ALDH1A2. The immune-related signatures of 28 TIL types from Charoentong's study, which can be viewed in the download page. For each cancer type, the relative abundance of TILs were inferred by using gene set variation analysis (GSVA) based on gene expression profile. In this tab, users can examine which kinds of TILs might be regulated by the current gene.
> Lymphocyte
 
Summary
SymbolALDH1A2
Namealdehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2
Aliases RALDH2; retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2; RALDH(II); RALDH2-T; RALDH 2; retinaldehyde-specific dehydrogenase ty ......
Chromosomal Location15q21.2
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Relations between three kinds of immunomodulators and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of ALDH1A2. These immunomo-dulators were collected from Charoentong's study. In this tab, users can examine which immunomodulators might be regulated by ALDH1A2.
> Immunoinhibitor
> Immunostimulator
> MHC molecule
> Immunoinhibitor
 
> Immunostimulator
 
> MHC molecule
 
Summary
SymbolALDH1A2
Namealdehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2
Aliases RALDH2; retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2; RALDH(II); RALDH2-T; RALDH 2; retinaldehyde-specific dehydrogenase ty ......
Chromosomal Location15q21.2
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Relations between chemokines (or receptors) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of ALDH1A2. In this tab, users can examine which chemokines (or receptors) might be regulated by the current gene.
> Chemokine
> Receptor
> Chemokine
 
> Receptor
 
Summary
SymbolALDH1A2
Namealdehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2
Aliases RALDH2; retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2; RALDH(II); RALDH2-T; RALDH 2; retinaldehyde-specific dehydrogenase ty ......
Chromosomal Location15q21.2
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Distribution of ALDH1A2 expression across immune and molecular subtypes.
> Immune subtype
> Molecular subtype
> Immune subtype
 
> Molecular subtype
 
Summary
SymbolALDH1A2
Namealdehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2
Aliases RALDH2; retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2; RALDH(II); RALDH2-T; RALDH 2; retinaldehyde-specific dehydrogenase ty ......
Chromosomal Location15q21.2
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Associations between ALDH1A2 and clinical features.
> Overall survival analysis
> Cancer stage
> Tumor grade
> Overall survival
 
> Stage
 
> Grade
 
Summary
SymbolALDH1A2
Namealdehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2
Aliases RALDH2; retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2; RALDH(II); RALDH2-T; RALDH 2; retinaldehyde-specific dehydrogenase ty ......
Chromosomal Location15q21.2
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Drugs targeting ALDH1A2 collected from DrugBank database.
> Drugs from DrugBank database
 

  Details on drugs targeting ALDH1A2.
ID Name Drug Type Targets #Targets
DB00157NADHSmall MoleculeAASS, ACADS, ADH1A, ADH1B, ADH1C, ADH4, ADH5, ADH7, AKR1B1, AKR1C1 ......144
DB00162Vitamin ASmall MoleculeALDH1A1, ALDH1A2, ALDH1A3, APOD, DHRS3, DHRS4, HPGDS, LRAT, RBP1, ......18
DB00755TretinoinSmall MoleculeALDH1A1, ALDH1A2, CYP26A1, CYP26B1, CYP26C1, GPRC5A, HPGDS, LCN1, ......19