Browse CXCR4

Summary
SymbolCXCR4
Namechemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4
Aliases LESTR; NPY3R; HM89; NPYY3R; D2S201E; fusin; HSY3RR; CD184; chemokine (C-X-C motif), receptor 4 (fusin); FB22 ......
Chromosomal Location2q21
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Basic function annotation.
> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function
> Gene Ontology
> KEGG and Reactome Pathway
> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function
 
Subcellular Location Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell junction. Early endosome. Late endosome. Lysosome. Note=In unstimulated cells, diffuse pattern on plasma membrane. On agonist stimulation, colocalizes with ITCH at the plasma membrane where it becomes ubiquitinated. In the presence of antigen, distributes to the immunological synapse forming at the T-cell-APC contact area, where it localizes at the peripheral and distal supramolecular activation cluster (SMAC).
Domain PF00001 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family)
PF12109 CXCR4 Chemokine receptor N terminal
Function

Receptor for the C-X-C chemokine CXCL12/SDF-1 that transduces a signal by increasing intracellular calcium ion levels and enhancing MAPK1/MAPK3 activation. Acts as a receptor for extracellular ubiquitin; leading to enhanced intracellular calcium ions and reduced cellular cAMP levels. Involved in hematopoiesis and in cardiac ventricular septum formation. Also plays an essential role in vascularization of the gastrointestinal tract, probably by regulating vascular branching and/or remodeling processes in endothelial cells. Involved in cerebellar development. In the CNS, could mediate hippocampal-neuron survival. ; FUNCTION: (Microbial infection) Acts as a coreceptor (CD4 being the primary receptor) for human immunodeficiency virus-1/HIV-1 X4 isolates and as a primary receptor for some HIV-2 isolates. Promotes Env-mediated fusion of the virus (PubMed:9427609, PubMed:10074122, PubMed:10756055). ; FUNCTION: (Microbial infection) Binds bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) et mediates LPS-induced inflammatory response, including TNF secretion by monocytes.

> Gene Ontology
 
Biological Process GO:0000187 activation of MAPK activity
GO:0001666 response to hypoxia
GO:0002407 dendritic cell chemotaxis
GO:0006874 cellular calcium ion homeostasis
GO:0006875 cellular metal ion homeostasis
GO:0007009 plasma membrane organization
GO:0007204 positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration
GO:0007272 ensheathment of neurons
GO:0008366 axon ensheathment
GO:0009615 response to virus
GO:0010001 glial cell differentiation
GO:0010720 positive regulation of cell development
GO:0014013 regulation of gliogenesis
GO:0014015 positive regulation of gliogenesis
GO:0019058 viral life cycle
GO:0019064 fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane
GO:0019722 calcium-mediated signaling
GO:0019932 second-messenger-mediated signaling
GO:0030260 entry into host cell
GO:0030595 leukocyte chemotaxis
GO:0032147 activation of protein kinase activity
GO:0033674 positive regulation of kinase activity
GO:0036293 response to decreased oxygen levels
GO:0036336 dendritic cell migration
GO:0039663 membrane fusion involved in viral entry into host cell
GO:0042063 gliogenesis
GO:0042552 myelination
GO:0043217 myelin maintenance
GO:0043405 regulation of MAP kinase activity
GO:0043406 positive regulation of MAP kinase activity
GO:0043410 positive regulation of MAPK cascade
GO:0044409 entry into host
GO:0044800 multi-organism membrane fusion
GO:0044803 multi-organism membrane organization
GO:0045685 regulation of glial cell differentiation
GO:0045687 positive regulation of glial cell differentiation
GO:0045860 positive regulation of protein kinase activity
GO:0046718 viral entry into host cell
GO:0048709 oligodendrocyte differentiation
GO:0048713 regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation
GO:0048714 positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation
GO:0050769 positive regulation of neurogenesis
GO:0050900 leukocyte migration
GO:0050920 regulation of chemotaxis
GO:0051480 regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration
GO:0051701 interaction with host
GO:0051806 entry into cell of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
GO:0051828 entry into other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
GO:0051962 positive regulation of nervous system development
GO:0055074 calcium ion homeostasis
GO:0060326 cell chemotaxis
GO:0061025 membrane fusion
GO:0070098 chemokine-mediated signaling pathway
GO:0070482 response to oxygen levels
GO:0071900 regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity
GO:0071902 positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity
GO:0072503 cellular divalent inorganic cation homeostasis
GO:0072507 divalent inorganic cation homeostasis
Molecular Function GO:0001618 virus receptor activity
GO:0001637 G-protein coupled chemoattractant receptor activity
GO:0001653 peptide receptor activity
GO:0003779 actin binding
GO:0004896 cytokine receptor activity
GO:0004950 chemokine receptor activity
GO:0008528 G-protein coupled peptide receptor activity
GO:0015026 coreceptor activity
GO:0016494 C-X-C chemokine receptor activity
GO:0017022 myosin binding
GO:0019955 cytokine binding
GO:0031625 ubiquitin protein ligase binding
GO:0032027 myosin light chain binding
GO:0032182 ubiquitin-like protein binding
GO:0043130 ubiquitin binding
GO:0044389 ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding
Cellular Component GO:0005769 early endosome
GO:0005770 late endosome
GO:0031252 cell leading edge
> KEGG and Reactome Pathway
 
KEGG hsa04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
hsa04062 Chemokine signaling pathway
hsa04144 Endocytosis
hsa04360 Axon guidance
hsa04670 Leukocyte transendothelial migration
hsa04672 Intestinal immune network for IgA production
Reactome R-HSA-173107: Binding and entry of HIV virion
R-HSA-380108: Chemokine receptors bind chemokines
R-HSA-373076: Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)
R-HSA-1643685: Disease
R-HSA-162594: Early Phase of HIV Life Cycle
R-HSA-418594: G alpha (i) signalling events
R-HSA-388396: GPCR downstream signaling
R-HSA-500792: GPCR ligand binding
R-HSA-162906: HIV Infection
R-HSA-162587: HIV Life Cycle
R-HSA-5663205: Infectious disease
R-HSA-375276: Peptide ligand-binding receptors
R-HSA-162582: Signal Transduction
R-HSA-372790: Signaling by GPCR
Summary
SymbolCXCR4
Namechemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4
Aliases LESTR; NPY3R; HM89; NPYY3R; D2S201E; fusin; HSY3RR; CD184; chemokine (C-X-C motif), receptor 4 (fusin); FB22 ......
Chromosomal Location2q21
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Literatures that report relations between CXCR4 and anti-tumor immunity. The specific mechanism were also collected if the literature reports that a gene specifically promotes or inhibits the infiltration or function of T/NK cells.
> Text Mining
 
  Literatures describing the relation between CXCR4 and anti-tumor immunity in human cancer.
PMID Cancer type Relation to immunity Evidence sentences
25529917Hepatocellular CarcinomaInhibit immunity (T cell function); resistant to immunotherapyCXCR4 inhibition in tumor microenvironment facilitates anti-programmed death receptor-1 immunotherapy in sorafenib-treated hepatocellular carcinoma in mice.
25320277Ovarian CarcinomaInhibit immunity (T cell function)CXCL12/CXCR4 blockade by oncolytic virotherapy inhibits ovarian cancer growth by decreasing immunosuppression and targeting cancer-initiating cells.
29379494Chronic Lymphocytic LeukemiaInhibit immunity (T cell function); immunotherapy targetHere, we show that the CXC chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12)-CXCR4-STAT3 axis regulates IL-10 production by CLL cells and their ability to suppress T-cell effector function through an IL-10 mediated mechanism. We conclude that the capacity of CLL cells to produce IL-10 is mediated by the CXCL12-CXCR4-STAT3 pathway and likely contributes to immunodeficiency in patients.
18354188Malignant Skin NeoplasmInhibit immunity; immunotherapy targetMast cells express CXCR4(+) and UV exposure up-regulated the expression of its ligand CXCL12 by lymph node B cells. Treating UV-irradiated mice with a CXCR4 antagonist blocked mast cell migration and abrogated UV-induced immune suppression.
21159639LymphomaInhibit immunity (T cell function)CXCL12 mediates immunosuppression in the lymphoma microenvironment after allogeneic transplantation of hematopoietic cells. In vivo blocking identified the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis as being critical for Treg attraction toward BCL. In contrast to Tregs, effector T cells displayed low levels of CXCR4 and were not affected by the pharmacologic blockade. Most important, blocking CXCR4 not only reduced Treg migration toward tumor tissue but also enhanced antitumor responses after alloHCT.
29036438Gastric CarcinomaInhibit immunity (T cell function)We generated a xenograft mouse model and used SEW-2871, a S1P1 specific agonist to activate S1P1 signalling. SEW-2871 promoted tumor growth in our mouse model, and induced a higher level of MDSC and a reduced level of CD8+CD69+ T cells within tumor. Additionally, SEW-2871 enhanced expression of several MDSC recruitment-associated chemokines (CXCL12, CXCL5 and CCL2) in tumor cells. These chemokines facilitated MDSC migration by interaction with CCR2, CXCR2 and CXCR4. S1P1 signalling promoted gastric cancer by enhancing chemokine expression in tumor cells and recruiting MDSC to tumor microenvironment, which impaired anti-tumoral function of TILs.
18083706Cervical Carcinoma; Globlastoma; Breast CarcinomaInhibit immunity (T cell function)Here, we demonstrate that ligand (CXCL12) stimulation of CXCR4, a major chemokine receptor expressed in many malignant cancer cells, induced MHC-I heavy chain down-regulation from the cell surface of the human epithelioid carcinoma HeLa cells, the human U251 and U87 glioblastoma cells, the human MDA-MD 231 breast cancer cells, and the human SK-N-BE (2) neuroblastoma cells. Activation of CXCR4 induced ubiquitination of MHC-I heavy chain, and mutation of the C-terminal two lysine residues (Lys-332, Lys-337) on one of the MHC-I alleles, HLA.B7, blocked CXCR4-evoked ubiquitination and down-regulation of HLA.B7. All together, these findings shed new light on the role of CXCR4 in tumor evasion of immune surveillance via inducing MHC-I down-regulation from the cell surface.
29682201melanomaPromote immunity (T cell function); increase the efficacy of immunotherapyIn immunological responder patients, increased protein levels of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 and the Fc-receptor CD32 were observed on cell membranes of CD8+ T and B cells and the monocyte population, respectively, confirming gene expression results.
23871358Acute Myeloid LeukemiaInhibit immunityWe envisage future treatment protocols, in which systemic immune activators, such as vaccines, dendritic cell-based therapies, engineered variants of IL-2, or IL-15, are combined with agents that counter immunosuppression mediated by, e.g., the PD/PDL interaction, CTLA-4, CD200, reactive oxygen species, IDO expression, CXCR4, or the KIR/class I interaction, based on characteristics of the prevailing malignant clone.
21521526Basal-Like Breast CarcinomaInhibit immunity (infiltration)We hypothesised that immune suppression in this subtype may be due to T regulatory cells (Treg) recruitment driven by hypoxia-induced up-regulation of CXCR4 in Treg. Up-regulation of CXCR4 in Treg correlated with the basal-like phenotype (P = 0.029) and tumour hypoxia, as indicated by CA9 expression (P = 0.049). Our data show that in the setting of hypoxia and CXCR4 up-regulation in Treg, CXCL12 expression may have the negative consequence of enhancing Treg recruitment and suppressing the anti-tumour immune response.
22186993Lymphoid Leukemia; LymphomaInhibit immunityThe chemokine receptor CXCR4, which normally regulates stromal stem cell interactions in the bone marrow, is highly expressed on a variety of malignant hematologic cells, including lymphoma and lymphocytic leukemias. In the present study, we developed pepducins, cell-penetrating lipopeptide antagonists of CXCR4, to interdict CXCL12-CXCR4 transmembrane signaling to intracellular G-proteins. We demonstrate that pepducins targeting the first (i1) or third (i3) intracellular loops of CXCR4 completely abrogate CXCL12-mediated cell migration of lymphocytic leukemias and lymphomas.
21742774Ovarian CarcinomaInhibit immunityCXCL12/CXCR4 blockade induces multimodal antitumor effects that prolong survival in an immunocompetent mouse model of ovarian cancer. Similarly, treatment of BR5-1-derived tumors with AMD3100, a selective CXCR4 antagonist, resulted in increased tumor apoptosis and necrosis, reduction in intraperitoneal dissemination, and selective reduction of intratumoral FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells (Treg). Compared with controls, CXCR4 blockade greatly increased T-cell-mediated antitumor immune responses, conferring a significant survival advantage to AMD3100-treated mice.
16990769leukemiaPromote immunity(infiltration)Anti-BCP-ALL T cells expressed CD49d and CXCR4 (implicated in the recruitment to bone marrow), and CD62L and CCR7 (involved in the migration to lymphoid organs). In accordance with this profile, T cells significantly migrated in response to the chemokines CXCL12 and CCL19.
Summary
SymbolCXCR4
Namechemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4
Aliases LESTR; NPY3R; HM89; NPYY3R; D2S201E; fusin; HSY3RR; CD184; chemokine (C-X-C motif), receptor 4 (fusin); FB22 ......
Chromosomal Location2q21
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content High-throughput screening data (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9, shRNA and RNAi) for T cell-mediated killing. Genetic screen techniques can identify mechanisms of tumor cell resistance (e.g., PTPN2) and sensitivity (e.g., APLNR) to killing by cytotoxic T cells, the central effectors of anti-tumor immunity. After comprehensively searching, eight groups of screening data sets were collected in the current database. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes cause resistance or increase sensitivity to T cell-mediated killing in various data sets.
> High-throughput Screening
  Statistical results of CXCR4 in screening data sets for detecting immune reponses.
PMID Screening System Cancer Type Cell Line Data Set Statistical Results Relation to immunity
29301958CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16F10Pmel-1 T cell NA/NSNA/NS
29301958CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16F10OT-1 T cell NA/NSNA/NS
28783722CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaMel6242CT-CRISPR NA/NSNA/NS
28723893CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16GVAX+Anti-PD1 NA/NSNA/NS
28723893CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16GVAX NA/NSNA/NS
25691366RNAiBreast cancerMCF7Luc-CTL assay NA/NSNA/NS
24476824shRNAmelanomaB16Primary screen NA/NSNA/NS
24476824shRNAmelanomaB16Secondary screen NA/NSNA/NS
Summary
SymbolCXCR4
Namechemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4
Aliases LESTR; NPY3R; HM89; NPYY3R; D2S201E; fusin; HSY3RR; CD184; chemokine (C-X-C motif), receptor 4 (fusin); FB22 ......
Chromosomal Location2q21
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Transcriptomic and genomic profiling of pre-treated tumor biopsies from responders and non-responders to immunotherapy. These data were used to identify signatures and mechanisms of response to checkpoint blockade (e.g., anti-PDL1 and anti-PD1). One example is that mutations in the gene PBRM1 benefit clinical survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. After comprehensively searching, we collected 5 and 6 of transcriptomic and genomic data sets, respectively. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes have significant difference of expression or mutation between responders and non-responders in various data sets.
> Expression difference between responders and non-responders
> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders
> Expression difference between responders and non-responders
 
Points in the above scatter plot represent the expression difference of CXCR4 in various data sets.
No PMID Cancer type Group Drug # Res # NRes Log2 (Fold Change) P value Anno
126997480MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)14120.0480.927
226997480MelanomaMAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)650.8280.725
326997480Melanomanon-MAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)87-0.5310.78
428552987Urothelial cancerallAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 916-0.2030.693
528552987Urothelial cancersmokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 59-0.40.829
628552987Urothelial cancernon-smokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 470.0550.983
729033130MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 2623-0.10.847
829033130MelanomaNIV3-PROGAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 15110.0960.954
929033130MelanomaNIV3-NAIVEAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 1112-0.2830.876
1029301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)allAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 480.1560.936
1129301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 2001
1229301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)non-VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 280.530.862
1329443960Urothelial cancerallAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 68230-0.2570.188
> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders
 
Points in the above scatter plot represent the mutation difference of CXCR4 in various data sets.
No PMID Cancer type Group Drug # Res # NRes % Mut/Res % Mut/NRes % Diff (R vs NR) Pval Anno
125765070Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)allAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) 14177.107.10.452
225765070Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)smokingAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) 103100101
325765070Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)non-smokingAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) 4140001
426359337MelanomaallAnti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) 27730001
526359337MelanomaBRAFiAnti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) 0140001
626359337Melanomanon-BRAFiAnti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) 27590001
726997480MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)211705.9-5.90.447
826997480MelanomaMAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)860001
926997480Melanomanon-MAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)131109.1-9.10.458
1028552987Urothelial cancerallAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 9160001
1128552987Urothelial cancersmokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 590001
1228552987Urothelial cancernon-smokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 470001
1329033130MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 38270001
1429033130MelanomaNIV3-PROGAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 22130001
1529033130MelanomaNIV3-NAIVEAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 16140001
1629301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)allAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 11130001
1729301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 610001
1829301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)non-VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 5120001
Summary
SymbolCXCR4
Namechemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4
Aliases LESTR; NPY3R; HM89; NPYY3R; D2S201E; fusin; HSY3RR; CD184; chemokine (C-X-C motif), receptor 4 (fusin); FB22 ......
Chromosomal Location2q21
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Relations between abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of CXCR4. The immune-related signatures of 28 TIL types from Charoentong's study, which can be viewed in the download page. For each cancer type, the relative abundance of TILs were inferred by using gene set variation analysis (GSVA) based on gene expression profile. In this tab, users can examine which kinds of TILs might be regulated by the current gene.
> Lymphocyte
 
Summary
SymbolCXCR4
Namechemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4
Aliases LESTR; NPY3R; HM89; NPYY3R; D2S201E; fusin; HSY3RR; CD184; chemokine (C-X-C motif), receptor 4 (fusin); FB22 ......
Chromosomal Location2q21
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Relations between three kinds of immunomodulators and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of CXCR4. These immunomo-dulators were collected from Charoentong's study. In this tab, users can examine which immunomodulators might be regulated by CXCR4.
> Immunoinhibitor
> Immunostimulator
> MHC molecule
> Immunoinhibitor
 
> Immunostimulator
 
> MHC molecule
 
Summary
SymbolCXCR4
Namechemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4
Aliases LESTR; NPY3R; HM89; NPYY3R; D2S201E; fusin; HSY3RR; CD184; chemokine (C-X-C motif), receptor 4 (fusin); FB22 ......
Chromosomal Location2q21
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Relations between chemokines (or receptors) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of CXCR4. In this tab, users can examine which chemokines (or receptors) might be regulated by the current gene.
> Chemokine
> Receptor
> Chemokine
 
> Receptor
 
Summary
SymbolCXCR4
Namechemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4
Aliases LESTR; NPY3R; HM89; NPYY3R; D2S201E; fusin; HSY3RR; CD184; chemokine (C-X-C motif), receptor 4 (fusin); FB22 ......
Chromosomal Location2q21
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Distribution of CXCR4 expression across immune and molecular subtypes.
> Immune subtype
> Molecular subtype
> Immune subtype
 
> Molecular subtype
 
Summary
SymbolCXCR4
Namechemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4
Aliases LESTR; NPY3R; HM89; NPYY3R; D2S201E; fusin; HSY3RR; CD184; chemokine (C-X-C motif), receptor 4 (fusin); FB22 ......
Chromosomal Location2q21
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Associations between CXCR4 and clinical features.
> Overall survival analysis
> Cancer stage
> Tumor grade
> Overall survival
 
> Stage
 
> Grade
 
Summary
SymbolCXCR4
Namechemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4
Aliases LESTR; NPY3R; HM89; NPYY3R; D2S201E; fusin; HSY3RR; CD184; chemokine (C-X-C motif), receptor 4 (fusin); FB22 ......
Chromosomal Location2q21
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Drugs targeting CXCR4 collected from DrugBank database.
> Drugs from DrugBank database
 

  Details on drugs targeting CXCR4.
ID Name Drug Type Targets #Targets
DB00452FramycetinSmall MoleculeCXCR41
DB05501AMD-070Small MoleculeCCR5, CXCR42
DB06809PlerixaforSmall MoleculeCXCR41
DB12698IbalizumabBiotechCCR5, CD4, CXCR43