TISIDB

Summary
Symbol	GFAP
Name	glial fibrillary acidic protein
Aliases	FLJ45472; ALXDRD
Chromosomal Location	17q21
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Basic function annotation. > Subcellular Location, Domain and Function > Gene Ontology > KEGG and Reactome Pathway

> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function [ TOP ]
Subcellular Location	Cytoplasm Note=Associated with intermediate filaments.
Domain	PF00038 Intermediate filament protein PF04732 Intermediate filament head (DNA binding) region
Function	GFAP, a class-III intermediate filament, is a cell-specific marker that, during the development of the central nervous system, distinguishes astrocytes from other glial cells.

> Gene Ontology [ TOP ]
Biological Process	GO:0001504 neurotransmitter uptake GO:0001505 regulation of neurotransmitter levels GO:0006836 neurotransmitter transport GO:0006914 autophagy GO:0010001 glial cell differentiation GO:0010506 regulation of autophagy GO:0010624 regulation of Schwann cell proliferation GO:0010625 positive regulation of Schwann cell proliferation GO:0010720 positive regulation of cell development GO:0010721 negative regulation of cell development GO:0010975 regulation of neuron projection development GO:0010977 negative regulation of neuron projection development GO:0014002 astrocyte development GO:0014009 glial cell proliferation GO:0014010 Schwann cell proliferation GO:0014013 regulation of gliogenesis GO:0014015 positive regulation of gliogenesis GO:0021782 glial cell development GO:0030198 extracellular matrix organization GO:0031099 regeneration GO:0031102 neuron projection regeneration GO:0031345 negative regulation of cell projection organization GO:0042063 gliogenesis GO:0043062 extracellular structure organization GO:0043254 regulation of protein complex assembly GO:0045103 intermediate filament-based process GO:0045104 intermediate filament cytoskeleton organization GO:0045109 intermediate filament organization GO:0045665 negative regulation of neuron differentiation GO:0048167 regulation of synaptic plasticity GO:0048708 astrocyte differentiation GO:0050768 negative regulation of neurogenesis GO:0050769 positive regulation of neurogenesis GO:0050804 modulation of synaptic transmission GO:0050806 positive regulation of synaptic transmission GO:0051580 regulation of neurotransmitter uptake GO:0051588 regulation of neurotransmitter transport GO:0051961 negative regulation of nervous system development GO:0051962 positive regulation of nervous system development GO:0060020 Bergmann glial cell differentiation GO:0060251 regulation of glial cell proliferation GO:0060252 positive regulation of glial cell proliferation GO:0060291 long-term synaptic potentiation GO:0061684 chaperone-mediated autophagy GO:0098657 import into cell GO:1904714 regulation of chaperone-mediated autophagy
Molecular Function	GO:0001948 glycoprotein binding GO:0005178 integrin binding GO:0005200 structural constituent of cytoskeleton GO:0050839 cell adhesion molecule binding
Cellular Component	GO:0005765 lysosomal membrane GO:0005882 intermediate filament GO:0043209 myelin sheath GO:0044297 cell body GO:0045111 intermediate filament cytoskeleton GO:0097386 glial cell projection GO:0097449 astrocyte projection GO:0097450 astrocyte end-foot GO:0098552 side of membrane GO:0098562 cytoplasmic side of membrane GO:0098574 cytoplasmic side of lysosomal membrane GO:0098852 lytic vacuole membrane

> KEGG and Reactome Pathway [ TOP ]
KEGG	hsa04630 Jak-STAT signaling pathway
Reactome	R-HSA-1251985: Nuclear signaling by ERBB4 R-HSA-162582: Signal Transduction R-HSA-1236394: Signaling by ERBB4

Summary
Symbol	GFAP
Name	glial fibrillary acidic protein
Aliases	FLJ45472; ALXDRD
Chromosomal Location	17q21
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Literatures that report relations between GFAP and anti-tumor immunity. The specific mechanism were also collected if the literature reports that a gene specifically promotes or inhibits the infiltration or function of T/NK cells.

> Text Mining

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Literatures describing the relation between GFAP and anti-tumor immunity in human cancer.

PMID	Cancer type	Relation to immunity	Evidence sentences
27618707	Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma; Prostate Adenocarcinoma; Plasma Cell Myeloma; Melanoma; Colon Neuroendocrine Tumor G1; Parotid Gland Pleomorphic Adenoma; Teratoma	Promote immunity (T cell function)	Neoplasia was diagnosed within 3 years of neurologic onset in 6 of 16 patients (38%): prostate and gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas, myeloma, melanoma, colonic carcinoid, parotid pleomorphic adenoma, and teratoma. Expression of GFAP has been reported in some of the tumor types identified in paraneoplastic cases. Glial fibrillary acidic protein peptide-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells are implicated as effectors in a transgenic mouse model of autoimmune GFAP meningoencephalitis.

Summary
Symbol	GFAP
Name	glial fibrillary acidic protein
Aliases	FLJ45472; ALXDRD
Chromosomal Location	17q21
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	High-throughput screening data (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9, shRNA and RNAi) for T cell-mediated killing. Genetic screen techniques can identify mechanisms of tumor cell resistance (e.g., PTPN2) and sensitivity (e.g., APLNR) to killing by cytotoxic T cells, the central effectors of anti-tumor immunity. After comprehensively searching, eight groups of screening data sets were collected in the current database. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes cause resistance or increase sensitivity to T cell-mediated killing in various data sets.

> High-throughput Screening

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Statistical results of GFAP in screening data sets for detecting immune reponses.

PMID	Screening System	Cancer Type	Cell Line	Data Set	Statistical Results	Relation to immunity
29301958	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16F10	Pmel-1 T cell	NA/NS	NA/NS
29301958	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16F10	OT-1 T cell	NA/NS	NA/NS
28783722	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	Mel624	2CT-CRISPR	NA/NS	NA/NS
28723893	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16	GVAX+Anti-PD1	NA/NS	NA/NS
28723893	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16	GVAX	NA/NS	NA/NS
25691366	RNAi	Breast cancer	MCF7	Luc-CTL assay	NA/NS	NA/NS
24476824	shRNA	melanoma	B16	Primary screen	NA/NS	NA/NS
24476824	shRNA	melanoma	B16	Secondary screen	NA/NS	NA/NS

Summary
Symbol	GFAP
Name	glial fibrillary acidic protein
Aliases	FLJ45472; ALXDRD
Chromosomal Location	17q21
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Transcriptomic and genomic profiling of pre-treated tumor biopsies from responders and non-responders to immunotherapy. These data were used to identify signatures and mechanisms of response to checkpoint blockade (e.g., anti-PDL1 and anti-PD1). One example is that mutations in the gene PBRM1 benefit clinical survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. After comprehensively searching, we collected 5 and 6 of transcriptomic and genomic data sets, respectively. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes have significant difference of expression or mutation between responders and non-responders in various data sets. > Expression difference between responders and non-responders > Mutation difference between responders and non-responders

> Expression difference between responders and non-responders

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Points in the above scatter plot represent the expression difference of GFAP in various data sets.

No	PMID	Cancer type	Group	Drug	# Res	# NRes	Log2 (Fold Change)	P value
1	26997480	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	14	12	0	1
2	26997480	Melanoma	MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	6	5	0	1
3	26997480	Melanoma	non-MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	8	7	0	1
4	28552987	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	9	16	-0.044	0.902
5	28552987	Urothelial cancer	smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	5	9	0.031	0.971
6	28552987	Urothelial cancer	non-smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	4	7	-0.133	0.899
7	29033130	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	26	23	0	1
8	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-PROG	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	15	11	0	1
9	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-NAIVE	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	11	12	0	1
10	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	4	8	2.029	0.039
11	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	2	0	0	1
12	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	non-VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	2	8	1.944	0.163
13	29443960	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	68	230	-0.006	0.981

> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders

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Points in the above scatter plot represent the mutation difference of GFAP in various data sets.

No	PMID	Cancer type	Group	Drug	# Res	# NRes	% Mut/Res	% Mut/NRes	% Diff (R vs NR)	Pval
1	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	14	17	0	5.9	-5.9	1
2	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	smoking	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	10	3	0	0	0	1
3	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	non-smoking	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	4	14	0	7.1	-7.1	1
4	26359337	Melanoma	all	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	27	73	0	0	0	1
5	26359337	Melanoma	BRAFi	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	0	14	0	0	0	1
6	26359337	Melanoma	non-BRAFi	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	27	59	0	0	0	1
7	26997480	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	21	17	9.5	0	9.5	0.492
8	26997480	Melanoma	MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	8	6	0	0	0	1
9	26997480	Melanoma	non-MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	13	11	15.4	0	15.4	0.482
10	28552987	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	9	16	22.2	6.2	16	0.53
11	28552987	Urothelial cancer	smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	5	9	20	11.1	8.9	1
12	28552987	Urothelial cancer	non-smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	4	7	25	0	25	0.364
13	29033130	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	38	27	0	7.4	-7.4	0.169
14	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-PROG	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	22	13	0	15.4	-15.4	0.131
15	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-NAIVE	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	16	14	0	0	0	1
16	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	11	13	0	0	0	1
17	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	6	1	0	0	0	1
18	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	non-VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	5	12	0	0	0	1

Summary
Symbol	GFAP
Name	glial fibrillary acidic protein
Aliases	FLJ45472; ALXDRD
Chromosomal Location	17q21
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of GFAP. The immune-related signatures of 28 TIL types from Charoentong's study, which can be viewed in the download page. For each cancer type, the relative abundance of TILs were inferred by using gene set variation analysis (GSVA) based on gene expression profile. In this tab, users can examine which kinds of TILs might be regulated by the current gene.

> Lymphocyte [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	GFAP
Name	glial fibrillary acidic protein
Aliases	FLJ45472; ALXDRD
Chromosomal Location	17q21
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between three kinds of immunomodulators and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of GFAP. These immunomo-dulators were collected from Charoentong's study. In this tab, users can examine which immunomodulators might be regulated by GFAP. > Immunoinhibitor > Immunostimulator > MHC molecule

> Immunoinhibitor [ TOP ]

> Immunostimulator [ TOP ]

> MHC molecule [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	GFAP
Name	glial fibrillary acidic protein
Aliases	FLJ45472; ALXDRD
Chromosomal Location	17q21
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between chemokines (or receptors) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of GFAP. In this tab, users can examine which chemokines (or receptors) might be regulated by the current gene. > Chemokine > Receptor

> Chemokine [ TOP ]

> Receptor [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	GFAP
Name	glial fibrillary acidic protein
Aliases	FLJ45472; ALXDRD
Chromosomal Location	17q21
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Distribution of GFAP expression across immune and molecular subtypes. > Immune subtype > Molecular subtype

> Immune subtype [ TOP ]

> Molecular subtype [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	GFAP
Name	glial fibrillary acidic protein
Aliases	FLJ45472; ALXDRD
Chromosomal Location	17q21
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Associations between GFAP and clinical features. > Overall survival analysis > Cancer stage > Tumor grade

> Overall survival [ TOP ]

> Stage [ TOP ]

> Grade [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	GFAP
Name	glial fibrillary acidic protein
Aliases	FLJ45472; ALXDRD
Chromosomal Location	17q21
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Drugs targeting GFAP collected from DrugBank database.

> Drugs from DrugBank database [ TOP ]
There is no record.

Browse GFAP