TISIDB

Summary
Symbol	LPA
Name	lipoprotein, Lp(a)
Aliases	AK38; APOA; antiangiogenic AK38 protein; apo(a); lp(a); Apolipoprotein(a)
Chromosomal Location	6q25-q26
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Basic function annotation. > Subcellular Location, Domain and Function > Gene Ontology > KEGG and Reactome Pathway

> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function [ TOP ]
Subcellular Location	-
Domain	PF00051 Kringle domain PF00089 Trypsin
Function	Apo(a) is the main constituent of lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)). It has serine proteinase activity and is able of autoproteolysis. Inhibits tissue-type plasminogen activator 1. Lp(a) may be a ligand for megalin/Gp 330.

> Gene Ontology [ TOP ]
Biological Process	GO:0003013 circulatory system process GO:0006869 lipid transport GO:0008015 blood circulation GO:0010466 negative regulation of peptidase activity GO:0010876 lipid localization GO:0010951 negative regulation of endopeptidase activity GO:0042157 lipoprotein metabolic process GO:0045861 negative regulation of proteolysis GO:0051346 negative regulation of hydrolase activity GO:0052547 regulation of peptidase activity GO:0052548 regulation of endopeptidase activity
Molecular Function	GO:0001968 fibronectin binding GO:0004175 endopeptidase activity GO:0004252 serine-type endopeptidase activity GO:0004857 enzyme inhibitor activity GO:0004866 endopeptidase inhibitor activity GO:0005539 glycosaminoglycan binding GO:0008201 heparin binding GO:0008236 serine-type peptidase activity GO:0017171 serine hydrolase activity GO:0030414 peptidase inhibitor activity GO:0034185 apolipoprotein binding GO:0061134 peptidase regulator activity GO:0061135 endopeptidase regulator activity GO:1901681 sulfur compound binding
Cellular Component	GO:0032994 protein-lipid complex GO:0034358 plasma lipoprotein particle GO:1990777 lipoprotein particle

> KEGG and Reactome Pathway [ TOP ]
KEGG	-
Reactome	R-HSA-171052: LDL-mediated lipid transport R-HSA-73923: Lipid digestion, mobilization, and transport R-HSA-174824: Lipoprotein metabolism R-HSA-1430728: Metabolism R-HSA-556833: Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins

Summary
Symbol	LPA
Name	lipoprotein, Lp(a)
Aliases	AK38; APOA; antiangiogenic AK38 protein; apo(a); lp(a); Apolipoprotein(a)
Chromosomal Location	6q25-q26
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Literatures that report relations between LPA and anti-tumor immunity. The specific mechanism were also collected if the literature reports that a gene specifically promotes or inhibits the infiltration or function of T/NK cells.

> Text Mining [ TOP ]
There is no record.

Summary
Symbol	LPA
Name	lipoprotein, Lp(a)
Aliases	AK38; APOA; antiangiogenic AK38 protein; apo(a); lp(a); Apolipoprotein(a)
Chromosomal Location	6q25-q26
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	High-throughput screening data (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9, shRNA and RNAi) for T cell-mediated killing. Genetic screen techniques can identify mechanisms of tumor cell resistance (e.g., PTPN2) and sensitivity (e.g., APLNR) to killing by cytotoxic T cells, the central effectors of anti-tumor immunity. After comprehensively searching, eight groups of screening data sets were collected in the current database. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes cause resistance or increase sensitivity to T cell-mediated killing in various data sets.

> High-throughput Screening

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Statistical results of LPA in screening data sets for detecting immune reponses.

PMID	Screening System	Cancer Type	Cell Line	Data Set	Statistical Results	Relation to immunity
29301958	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16F10	Pmel-1 T cell	NA/NS	NA/NS
29301958	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16F10	OT-1 T cell	NA/NS	NA/NS
28783722	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	Mel624	2CT-CRISPR	NA/NS	NA/NS
28723893	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16	GVAX+Anti-PD1	NA/NS	NA/NS
28723893	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16	GVAX	NA/NS	NA/NS
25691366	RNAi	Breast cancer	MCF7	Luc-CTL assay	NA/NS	NA/NS
24476824	shRNA	melanoma	B16	Primary screen	NA/NS	NA/NS
24476824	shRNA	melanoma	B16	Secondary screen	NA/NS	NA/NS

Summary
Symbol	LPA
Name	lipoprotein, Lp(a)
Aliases	AK38; APOA; antiangiogenic AK38 protein; apo(a); lp(a); Apolipoprotein(a)
Chromosomal Location	6q25-q26
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Transcriptomic and genomic profiling of pre-treated tumor biopsies from responders and non-responders to immunotherapy. These data were used to identify signatures and mechanisms of response to checkpoint blockade (e.g., anti-PDL1 and anti-PD1). One example is that mutations in the gene PBRM1 benefit clinical survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. After comprehensively searching, we collected 5 and 6 of transcriptomic and genomic data sets, respectively. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes have significant difference of expression or mutation between responders and non-responders in various data sets. > Expression difference between responders and non-responders > Mutation difference between responders and non-responders

> Expression difference between responders and non-responders

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Points in the above scatter plot represent the expression difference of LPA in various data sets.

No	PMID	Cancer type	Group	Drug	# Res	# NRes	Log2 (Fold Change)	P value
1	26997480	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	14	12	0.258	0.338
2	26997480	Melanoma	MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	6	5	-0.003	0.996
3	26997480	Melanoma	non-MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	8	7	0.454	0.38
4	28552987	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	9	16	-0.472	0.441
5	28552987	Urothelial cancer	smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	5	9	-0.473	0.791
6	28552987	Urothelial cancer	non-smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	4	7	-0.485	0.794
7	29033130	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	26	23	0.427	0.651
8	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-PROG	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	15	11	0.734	0.7
9	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-NAIVE	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	11	12	-0.092	0.961
10	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	4	8	0.004	0.996
11	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	2	0	0	1
12	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	non-VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	2	8	0.414	0.642
13	29443960	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	68	230	-0.976	0.033

> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders

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Points in the above scatter plot represent the mutation difference of LPA in various data sets.

No	PMID	Cancer type	Group	Drug	# Res	# NRes	% Mut/Res	% Mut/NRes	% Diff (R vs NR)	Pval
1	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	14	17	0	0	0	1
2	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	smoking	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	10	3	0	0	0	1
3	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	non-smoking	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	4	14	0	0	0	1
4	26359337	Melanoma	all	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	27	73	18.5	12.3	6.2	0.518
5	26359337	Melanoma	BRAFi	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	0	14	0	0	0	1
6	26359337	Melanoma	non-BRAFi	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	27	59	18.5	15.3	3.2	0.757
7	26997480	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	21	17	28.6	5.9	22.7	0.104
8	26997480	Melanoma	MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	8	6	25	0	25	0.473
9	26997480	Melanoma	non-MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	13	11	30.8	9.1	21.7	0.327
10	28552987	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	9	16	11.1	6.2	4.9	1
11	28552987	Urothelial cancer	smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	5	9	0	11.1	-11.1	1
12	28552987	Urothelial cancer	non-smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	4	7	25	0	25	0.364
13	29033130	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	38	27	5.3	0	5.3	0.507
14	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-PROG	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	22	13	9.1	0	9.1	0.519
15	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-NAIVE	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	16	14	0	0	0	1
16	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	11	13	0	7.7	-7.7	1
17	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	6	1	0	0	0	1
18	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	non-VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	5	12	0	8.3	-8.3	1

Summary
Symbol	LPA
Name	lipoprotein, Lp(a)
Aliases	AK38; APOA; antiangiogenic AK38 protein; apo(a); lp(a); Apolipoprotein(a)
Chromosomal Location	6q25-q26
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of LPA. The immune-related signatures of 28 TIL types from Charoentong's study, which can be viewed in the download page. For each cancer type, the relative abundance of TILs were inferred by using gene set variation analysis (GSVA) based on gene expression profile. In this tab, users can examine which kinds of TILs might be regulated by the current gene.

> Lymphocyte [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	LPA
Name	lipoprotein, Lp(a)
Aliases	AK38; APOA; antiangiogenic AK38 protein; apo(a); lp(a); Apolipoprotein(a)
Chromosomal Location	6q25-q26
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between three kinds of immunomodulators and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of LPA. These immunomo-dulators were collected from Charoentong's study. In this tab, users can examine which immunomodulators might be regulated by LPA. > Immunoinhibitor > Immunostimulator > MHC molecule

> Immunoinhibitor [ TOP ]

> Immunostimulator [ TOP ]

> MHC molecule [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	LPA
Name	lipoprotein, Lp(a)
Aliases	AK38; APOA; antiangiogenic AK38 protein; apo(a); lp(a); Apolipoprotein(a)
Chromosomal Location	6q25-q26
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between chemokines (or receptors) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of LPA. In this tab, users can examine which chemokines (or receptors) might be regulated by the current gene. > Chemokine > Receptor

> Chemokine [ TOP ]

> Receptor [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	LPA
Name	lipoprotein, Lp(a)
Aliases	AK38; APOA; antiangiogenic AK38 protein; apo(a); lp(a); Apolipoprotein(a)
Chromosomal Location	6q25-q26
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Distribution of LPA expression across immune and molecular subtypes. > Immune subtype > Molecular subtype

> Immune subtype [ TOP ]

> Molecular subtype [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	LPA
Name	lipoprotein, Lp(a)
Aliases	AK38; APOA; antiangiogenic AK38 protein; apo(a); lp(a); Apolipoprotein(a)
Chromosomal Location	6q25-q26
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Associations between LPA and clinical features. > Overall survival analysis > Cancer stage > Tumor grade

> Overall survival [ TOP ]

> Stage [ TOP ]

> Grade [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	LPA
Name	lipoprotein, Lp(a)
Aliases	AK38; APOA; antiangiogenic AK38 protein; apo(a); lp(a); Apolipoprotein(a)
Chromosomal Location	6q25-q26
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Drugs targeting LPA collected from DrugBank database.

> Drugs from DrugBank database

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Details on drugs targeting LPA.

ID	Name	Drug Type	Targets	#Targets
DB00513	Aminocaproic Acid	Small Molecule	LPA, PLAT, PLG	3

Browse LPA