Browse PAM

Summary
SymbolPAM
Namepeptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase
Aliases PHM; peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lyase; peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase; ......
Chromosomal Location5q
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Basic function annotation.
> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function
> Gene Ontology
> KEGG and Reactome Pathway
> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function
 
Subcellular Location Isoform 1: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Isoform 2: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Isoform 3: Secreted. Note=Secreted from secretory granules.; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Isoform 4: Secreted. Note=Secreted from secretory granules.
Domain PF03712 Copper type II ascorbate-dependent monooxygenase
PF01082 Copper type II ascorbate-dependent monooxygenase
PF01436 NHL repeat
Function

Bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes 2 sequential steps in C-terminal alpha-amidation of peptides. The monooxygenase part produces an unstable peptidyl(2-hydroxyglycine) intermediate that is dismutated to glyoxylate and the corresponding desglycine peptide amide by the lyase part. C-terminal amidation of peptides such as neuropeptides is essential for full biological activity.

> Gene Ontology
 
Biological Process GO:0001519 peptide amidation
GO:0001666 response to hypoxia
GO:0001676 long-chain fatty acid metabolic process
GO:0006631 fatty acid metabolic process
GO:0007507 heart development
GO:0007565 female pregnancy
GO:0007589 body fluid secretion
GO:0007595 lactation
GO:0009268 response to pH
GO:0009306 protein secretion
GO:0009404 toxin metabolic process
GO:0010035 response to inorganic substance
GO:0010038 response to metal ion
GO:0018032 protein amidation
GO:0019748 secondary metabolic process
GO:0022602 ovulation cycle process
GO:0030879 mammary gland development
GO:0031179 peptide modification
GO:0031960 response to corticosteroid
GO:0032355 response to estradiol
GO:0032941 secretion by tissue
GO:0032956 regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization
GO:0032970 regulation of actin filament-based process
GO:0036293 response to decreased oxygen levels
GO:0042476 odontogenesis
GO:0042493 response to drug
GO:0042698 ovulation cycle
GO:0044706 multi-multicellular organism process
GO:0046688 response to copper ion
GO:0048511 rhythmic process
GO:0048545 response to steroid hormone
GO:0048732 gland development
GO:0048736 appendage development
GO:0050708 regulation of protein secretion
GO:0050878 regulation of body fluid levels
GO:0051259 protein oligomerization
GO:0051260 protein homooligomerization
GO:0051384 response to glucocorticoid
GO:0051493 regulation of cytoskeleton organization
GO:0060135 maternal process involved in female pregnancy
GO:0060173 limb development
GO:0070482 response to oxygen levels
GO:1990267 response to transition metal nanoparticle
Molecular Function GO:0004497 monooxygenase activity
GO:0004504 peptidylglycine monooxygenase activity
GO:0004598 peptidylamidoglycolate lyase activity
GO:0005507 copper ion binding
GO:0016705 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen
GO:0016715 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced ascorbate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
GO:0016829 lyase activity
GO:0016840 carbon-nitrogen lyase activity
GO:0016842 amidine-lyase activity
GO:0019842 vitamin binding
GO:0031406 carboxylic acid binding
GO:0031418 L-ascorbic acid binding
GO:0043168 anion binding
Cellular Component GO:0005802 trans-Golgi network
GO:0030141 secretory granule
GO:0030659 cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
GO:0030667 secretory granule membrane
GO:0031984 organelle subcompartment
GO:0043025 neuronal cell body
GO:0043204 perikaryon
GO:0044297 cell body
GO:0098791 Golgi subcompartment
GO:0099503 secretory vesicle
> KEGG and Reactome Pathway
 
KEGG -
Reactome -
Summary
SymbolPAM
Namepeptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase
Aliases PHM; peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lyase; peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase; ......
Chromosomal Location5q
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Literatures that report relations between PAM and anti-tumor immunity. The specific mechanism were also collected if the literature reports that a gene specifically promotes or inhibits the infiltration or function of T/NK cells.
> Text Mining
 

There is no record.
Summary
SymbolPAM
Namepeptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase
Aliases PHM; peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lyase; peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase; ......
Chromosomal Location5q
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content High-throughput screening data (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9, shRNA and RNAi) for T cell-mediated killing. Genetic screen techniques can identify mechanisms of tumor cell resistance (e.g., PTPN2) and sensitivity (e.g., APLNR) to killing by cytotoxic T cells, the central effectors of anti-tumor immunity. After comprehensively searching, eight groups of screening data sets were collected in the current database. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes cause resistance or increase sensitivity to T cell-mediated killing in various data sets.
> High-throughput Screening
  Statistical results of PAM in screening data sets for detecting immune reponses.
PMID Screening System Cancer Type Cell Line Data Set Statistical Results Relation to immunity
29301958CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16F10Pmel-1 T cell NA/NSNA/NS
29301958CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16F10OT-1 T cell NA/NSNA/NS
28783722CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaMel6242CT-CRISPR NA/NSNA/NS
28723893CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16GVAX+Anti-PD1 NA/NSNA/NS
28723893CRISPR-Cas9 melanomaB16GVAX NA/NSNA/NS
25691366RNAiBreast cancerMCF7Luc-CTL assay NA/NSNA/NS
24476824shRNAmelanomaB16Primary screen NA/NSNA/NS
24476824shRNAmelanomaB16Secondary screen NA/NSNA/NS
Summary
SymbolPAM
Namepeptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase
Aliases PHM; peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lyase; peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase; ......
Chromosomal Location5q
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Transcriptomic and genomic profiling of pre-treated tumor biopsies from responders and non-responders to immunotherapy. These data were used to identify signatures and mechanisms of response to checkpoint blockade (e.g., anti-PDL1 and anti-PD1). One example is that mutations in the gene PBRM1 benefit clinical survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. After comprehensively searching, we collected 5 and 6 of transcriptomic and genomic data sets, respectively. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes have significant difference of expression or mutation between responders and non-responders in various data sets.
> Expression difference between responders and non-responders
> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders
> Expression difference between responders and non-responders
 
Points in the above scatter plot represent the expression difference of PAM in various data sets.
No PMID Cancer type Group Drug # Res # NRes Log2 (Fold Change) P value Anno
126997480MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)1412-1.2870.0101
226997480MelanomaMAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)65-1.7380.376
326997480Melanomanon-MAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)87-0.9540.502
428552987Urothelial cancerallAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 9160.1370.761
528552987Urothelial cancersmokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 590.0330.988
628552987Urothelial cancernon-smokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 470.2680.923
729033130MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 26230.1740.75
829033130MelanomaNIV3-PROGAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 15110.2250.898
929033130MelanomaNIV3-NAIVEAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 11120.060.976
1029301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)allAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 480.1870.935
1129301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 2001
1229301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)non-VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 280.9570.779
1329443960Urothelial cancerallAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 68230-0.2370.0466
> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders
 
Points in the above scatter plot represent the mutation difference of PAM in various data sets.
No PMID Cancer type Group Drug # Res # NRes % Mut/Res % Mut/NRes % Diff (R vs NR) Pval Anno
125765070Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)allAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) 14170001
225765070Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)smokingAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) 1030001
325765070Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)non-smokingAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) 4140001
426359337MelanomaallAnti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) 27737.42.74.70.294
526359337MelanomaBRAFiAnti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) 0140001
626359337Melanomanon-BRAFiAnti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) 27597.43.440.587
726997480MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)21179.55.93.61
826997480MelanomaMAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)8612.5012.51
926997480Melanomanon-MAPKiAnti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)13117.79.1-1.41
1028552987Urothelial cancerallAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 91611.1011.10.36
1128552987Urothelial cancersmokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 59200200.357
1228552987Urothelial cancernon-smokingAnti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) 470001
1329033130MelanomaallAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 382710.53.76.80.393
1429033130MelanomaNIV3-PROGAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 22139.109.10.519
1529033130MelanomaNIV3-NAIVEAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 161412.57.15.41
1629301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)allAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 11130001
1729301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 610001
1829301960Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)non-VEGFRiAnti-PD-1 (nivolumab) 5120001
Summary
SymbolPAM
Namepeptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase
Aliases PHM; peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lyase; peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase; ......
Chromosomal Location5q
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Relations between abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of PAM. The immune-related signatures of 28 TIL types from Charoentong's study, which can be viewed in the download page. For each cancer type, the relative abundance of TILs were inferred by using gene set variation analysis (GSVA) based on gene expression profile. In this tab, users can examine which kinds of TILs might be regulated by the current gene.
> Lymphocyte
 
Summary
SymbolPAM
Namepeptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase
Aliases PHM; peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lyase; peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase; ......
Chromosomal Location5q
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Relations between three kinds of immunomodulators and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of PAM. These immunomo-dulators were collected from Charoentong's study. In this tab, users can examine which immunomodulators might be regulated by PAM.
> Immunoinhibitor
> Immunostimulator
> MHC molecule
> Immunoinhibitor
 
> Immunostimulator
 
> MHC molecule
 
Summary
SymbolPAM
Namepeptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase
Aliases PHM; peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lyase; peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase; ......
Chromosomal Location5q
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Relations between chemokines (or receptors) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of PAM. In this tab, users can examine which chemokines (or receptors) might be regulated by the current gene.
> Chemokine
> Receptor
> Chemokine
 
> Receptor
 
Summary
SymbolPAM
Namepeptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase
Aliases PHM; peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lyase; peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase; ......
Chromosomal Location5q
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Distribution of PAM expression across immune and molecular subtypes.
> Immune subtype
> Molecular subtype
> Immune subtype
 
> Molecular subtype
 
Summary
SymbolPAM
Namepeptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase
Aliases PHM; peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lyase; peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase; ......
Chromosomal Location5q
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Associations between PAM and clinical features.
> Overall survival analysis
> Cancer stage
> Tumor grade
> Overall survival
 
> Stage
 
> Grade
 
Summary
SymbolPAM
Namepeptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase
Aliases PHM; peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lyase; peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase; ......
Chromosomal Location5q
External Links HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content Drugs targeting PAM collected from DrugBank database.
> Drugs from DrugBank database
 

  Details on drugs targeting PAM.
ID Name Drug Type Targets #Targets
DB00126Vitamin CSmall MoleculeALKBH2, ALKBH3, BBOX1, DBH, EGLN1, EGLN2, EGLN3, KDM5D, LCT, OGFOD ......23
DB02598N-Alpha-Acetyl-3,5-DiiodotyrosylglycineSmall MoleculePAM1
DB04150Threonine DerivativeSmall MoleculePAM1