TISIDB

Summary
Symbol	PIWIL2
Name	piwi-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 2
Aliases	HILI; FLJ10351; Mili; CT80; Hiwi-like; cancer/testis antigen 80; piwi-like 2 (Drosophila); PIWIL1L; 80kDa PI ......
Chromosomal Location	8p24
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Basic function annotation. > Subcellular Location, Domain and Function > Gene Ontology > KEGG and Reactome Pathway

> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function [ TOP ]
Subcellular Location	Cytoplasm Note=Present in chromatoid body. Probable component of the meiotic nuage, also named P granule, a germ-cell-specific organelle required to repress transposon activity during meiosis.
Domain	PF08699 Argonaute linker 1 domain PF02170 PAZ domain PF02171 Piwi domain
Function	Endoribonuclease that plays a central role during spermatogenesis by repressing transposable elements and preventing their mobilization, which is essential for the germline integrity (By similarity). Plays an essential role in meiotic differentiation of spermatocytes, germ cell differentiation and in self-renewal of spermatogonial stem cells (By similarity). Acts via the piRNA metabolic process, which mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins and govern the methylation and subsequent repression of transposons (By similarity). During piRNA biosynthesis, plays a key role in the piRNA amplification loop, also named ping-pong amplification cycle, by acting as a 'slicer-competent' piRNA endoribonuclease that cleaves primary piRNAs, which are then loaded onto 'slicer-incompetent' PIWIL4 (By similarity). PIWIL2 slicing produces a pre-miRNA intermediate, which is then processed in mature piRNAs, and as well as a 16 nucleotide by-product that is degraded (By similarity). Required for PIWIL4/MIWI2 nuclear localization and association with secondary piRNAs antisense (By similarity). Besides their function in transposable elements repression, piRNAs are probably involved in other processes during meiosis such as translation regulation (By similarity). Indirectly modulates expression of genes such as PDGFRB, SLC2A1, ITGA6, GJA7, THY1, CD9 and STRA8 (By similarity). When overexpressed, acts as an oncogene by inhibition of apoptosis and promotion of proliferation in tumors (PubMed:16377660).

> Gene Ontology [ TOP ]
Biological Process	GO:0000966 RNA 5'-end processing GO:0006304 DNA modification GO:0006305 DNA alkylation GO:0006306 DNA methylation GO:0006417 regulation of translation GO:0006473 protein acetylation GO:0006475 internal protein amino acid acetylation GO:0007126 meiotic nuclear division GO:0007127 meiosis I GO:0007281 germ cell development GO:0007283 spermatogenesis GO:0007292 female gamete generation GO:0010608 posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression GO:0016458 gene silencing GO:0016570 histone modification GO:0016573 histone acetylation GO:0018205 peptidyl-lysine modification GO:0018393 internal peptidyl-lysine acetylation GO:0018394 peptidyl-lysine acetylation GO:0019827 stem cell population maintenance GO:0022412 cellular process involved in reproduction in multicellular organism GO:0030718 germ-line stem cell population maintenance GO:0031047 gene silencing by RNA GO:0031056 regulation of histone modification GO:0031058 positive regulation of histone modification GO:0032259 methylation GO:0034248 regulation of cellular amide metabolic process GO:0034250 positive regulation of cellular amide metabolic process GO:0034587 piRNA metabolic process GO:0035065 regulation of histone acetylation GO:0035066 positive regulation of histone acetylation GO:0040020 regulation of meiotic nuclear division GO:0043046 DNA methylation involved in gamete generation GO:0043414 macromolecule methylation GO:0043543 protein acylation GO:0043966 histone H3 acetylation GO:0043970 histone H3-K9 acetylation GO:0044154 histone H3-K14 acetylation GO:0044728 DNA methylation or demethylation GO:0045727 positive regulation of translation GO:0045787 positive regulation of cell cycle GO:0045836 positive regulation of meiotic nuclear division GO:0048232 male gamete generation GO:0048477 oogenesis GO:0051321 meiotic cell cycle GO:0051445 regulation of meiotic cell cycle GO:0051446 positive regulation of meiotic cell cycle GO:0051783 regulation of nuclear division GO:0051785 positive regulation of nuclear division GO:0060631 regulation of meiosis I GO:0060903 positive regulation of meiosis I GO:0061647 histone H3-K9 modification GO:0071440 regulation of histone H3-K14 acetylation GO:0071442 positive regulation of histone H3-K14 acetylation GO:0090068 positive regulation of cell cycle process GO:0098727 maintenance of cell number GO:1901983 regulation of protein acetylation GO:1901985 positive regulation of protein acetylation GO:1902275 regulation of chromatin organization GO:1903046 meiotic cell cycle process GO:1905269 positive regulation of chromatin organization GO:2000241 regulation of reproductive process GO:2000243 positive regulation of reproductive process GO:2000615 regulation of histone H3-K9 acetylation GO:2000617 positive regulation of histone H3-K9 acetylation GO:2000756 regulation of peptidyl-lysine acetylation GO:2000758 positive regulation of peptidyl-lysine acetylation
Molecular Function	GO:0003729 mRNA binding GO:0034584 piRNA binding
Cellular Component	GO:0005844 polysome GO:0010369 chromocenter GO:0010370 perinucleolar chromocenter GO:0033391 chromatoid body GO:0035770 ribonucleoprotein granule GO:0036464 cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule GO:0043186 P granule GO:0045495 pole plasm GO:0060293 germ plasm GO:0071546 pi-body GO:0097433 dense body GO:0098687 chromosomal region GO:1990923 PET complex

> KEGG and Reactome Pathway [ TOP ]
KEGG	hsa04320 Dorso-ventral axis formation
Reactome	R-HSA-74160: Gene Expression R-HSA-211000: Gene Silencing by RNA R-HSA-5601884: PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) biogenesis

Summary
Symbol	PIWIL2
Name	piwi-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 2
Aliases	HILI; FLJ10351; Mili; CT80; Hiwi-like; cancer/testis antigen 80; piwi-like 2 (Drosophila); PIWIL1L; 80kDa PI ......
Chromosomal Location	8p24
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Literatures that report relations between PIWIL2 and anti-tumor immunity. The specific mechanism were also collected if the literature reports that a gene specifically promotes or inhibits the infiltration or function of T/NK cells.

> Text Mining [ TOP ]
There is no record.

Summary
Symbol	PIWIL2
Name	piwi-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 2
Aliases	HILI; FLJ10351; Mili; CT80; Hiwi-like; cancer/testis antigen 80; piwi-like 2 (Drosophila); PIWIL1L; 80kDa PI ......
Chromosomal Location	8p24
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	High-throughput screening data (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9, shRNA and RNAi) for T cell-mediated killing. Genetic screen techniques can identify mechanisms of tumor cell resistance (e.g., PTPN2) and sensitivity (e.g., APLNR) to killing by cytotoxic T cells, the central effectors of anti-tumor immunity. After comprehensively searching, eight groups of screening data sets were collected in the current database. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes cause resistance or increase sensitivity to T cell-mediated killing in various data sets.

> High-throughput Screening

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Statistical results of PIWIL2 in screening data sets for detecting immune reponses.

PMID	Screening System	Cancer Type	Cell Line	Data Set	Statistical Results	Relation to immunity
29301958	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16F10	Pmel-1 T cell	NA/NS	NA/NS
29301958	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16F10	OT-1 T cell	NA/NS	NA/NS
28783722	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	Mel624	2CT-CRISPR	NA/NS	NA/NS
28723893	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16	GVAX+Anti-PD1	NA/NS	NA/NS
28723893	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16	GVAX	NA/NS	NA/NS
25691366	RNAi	Breast cancer	MCF7	Luc-CTL assay	NA/NS	NA/NS
24476824	shRNA	melanoma	B16	Primary screen	NA/NS	NA/NS
24476824	shRNA	melanoma	B16	Secondary screen	NA/NS	NA/NS

Summary
Symbol	PIWIL2
Name	piwi-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 2
Aliases	HILI; FLJ10351; Mili; CT80; Hiwi-like; cancer/testis antigen 80; piwi-like 2 (Drosophila); PIWIL1L; 80kDa PI ......
Chromosomal Location	8p24
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Transcriptomic and genomic profiling of pre-treated tumor biopsies from responders and non-responders to immunotherapy. These data were used to identify signatures and mechanisms of response to checkpoint blockade (e.g., anti-PDL1 and anti-PD1). One example is that mutations in the gene PBRM1 benefit clinical survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. After comprehensively searching, we collected 5 and 6 of transcriptomic and genomic data sets, respectively. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes have significant difference of expression or mutation between responders and non-responders in various data sets. > Expression difference between responders and non-responders > Mutation difference between responders and non-responders

> Expression difference between responders and non-responders

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Points in the above scatter plot represent the expression difference of PIWIL2 in various data sets.

No	PMID	Cancer type	Group	Drug	# Res	# NRes	Log2 (Fold Change)	P value
1	26997480	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	14	12	0	1
2	26997480	Melanoma	MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	6	5	0	1
3	26997480	Melanoma	non-MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	8	7	0	1
4	28552987	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	9	16	-1.041	0.0263
5	28552987	Urothelial cancer	smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	5	9	-1.736	0.159
6	28552987	Urothelial cancer	non-smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	4	7	-0.172	0.898
7	29033130	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	26	23	0.553	0.35
8	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-PROG	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	15	11	0.819	0.423
9	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-NAIVE	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	11	12	0.129	0.897
10	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	4	8	-0.422	0.413
11	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	2	0	0	1
12	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	non-VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	2	8	-0.217	0.767
13	29443960	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	68	230	0.005	0.985

> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders

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Points in the above scatter plot represent the mutation difference of PIWIL2 in various data sets.

No	PMID	Cancer type	Group	Drug	# Res	# NRes	% Mut/Res	% Mut/NRes	% Diff (R vs NR)	Pval
1	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	14	17	0	0	0	1
2	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	smoking	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	10	3	0	0	0	1
3	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	non-smoking	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	4	14	0	0	0	1
4	26359337	Melanoma	all	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	27	73	14.8	4.1	10.7	0.0828
5	26359337	Melanoma	BRAFi	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	0	14	0	7.1	-7.1	1
6	26359337	Melanoma	non-BRAFi	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	27	59	14.8	3.4	11.4	0.0746
7	26997480	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	21	17	9.5	0	9.5	0.492
8	26997480	Melanoma	MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	8	6	12.5	0	12.5	1
9	26997480	Melanoma	non-MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	13	11	7.7	0	7.7	1
10	28552987	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	9	16	11.1	0	11.1	0.36
11	28552987	Urothelial cancer	smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	5	9	0	0	0	1
12	28552987	Urothelial cancer	non-smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	4	7	25	0	25	0.364
13	29033130	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	38	27	5.3	0	5.3	0.507
14	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-PROG	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	22	13	4.5	0	4.5	1
15	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-NAIVE	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	16	14	6.2	0	6.2	1
16	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	11	13	0	0	0	1
17	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	6	1	0	0	0	1
18	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	non-VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	5	12	0	0	0	1

Summary
Symbol	PIWIL2
Name	piwi-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 2
Aliases	HILI; FLJ10351; Mili; CT80; Hiwi-like; cancer/testis antigen 80; piwi-like 2 (Drosophila); PIWIL1L; 80kDa PI ......
Chromosomal Location	8p24
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of PIWIL2. The immune-related signatures of 28 TIL types from Charoentong's study, which can be viewed in the download page. For each cancer type, the relative abundance of TILs were inferred by using gene set variation analysis (GSVA) based on gene expression profile. In this tab, users can examine which kinds of TILs might be regulated by the current gene.

> Lymphocyte [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	PIWIL2
Name	piwi-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 2
Aliases	HILI; FLJ10351; Mili; CT80; Hiwi-like; cancer/testis antigen 80; piwi-like 2 (Drosophila); PIWIL1L; 80kDa PI ......
Chromosomal Location	8p24
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between three kinds of immunomodulators and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of PIWIL2. These immunomo-dulators were collected from Charoentong's study. In this tab, users can examine which immunomodulators might be regulated by PIWIL2. > Immunoinhibitor > Immunostimulator > MHC molecule

> Immunoinhibitor [ TOP ]

> Immunostimulator [ TOP ]

> MHC molecule [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	PIWIL2
Name	piwi-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 2
Aliases	HILI; FLJ10351; Mili; CT80; Hiwi-like; cancer/testis antigen 80; piwi-like 2 (Drosophila); PIWIL1L; 80kDa PI ......
Chromosomal Location	8p24
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between chemokines (or receptors) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of PIWIL2. In this tab, users can examine which chemokines (or receptors) might be regulated by the current gene. > Chemokine > Receptor

> Chemokine [ TOP ]

> Receptor [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	PIWIL2
Name	piwi-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 2
Aliases	HILI; FLJ10351; Mili; CT80; Hiwi-like; cancer/testis antigen 80; piwi-like 2 (Drosophila); PIWIL1L; 80kDa PI ......
Chromosomal Location	8p24
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Distribution of PIWIL2 expression across immune and molecular subtypes. > Immune subtype > Molecular subtype

> Immune subtype [ TOP ]

> Molecular subtype [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	PIWIL2
Name	piwi-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 2
Aliases	HILI; FLJ10351; Mili; CT80; Hiwi-like; cancer/testis antigen 80; piwi-like 2 (Drosophila); PIWIL1L; 80kDa PI ......
Chromosomal Location	8p24
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Associations between PIWIL2 and clinical features. > Overall survival analysis > Cancer stage > Tumor grade

> Overall survival [ TOP ]

> Stage [ TOP ]

> Grade [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	PIWIL2
Name	piwi-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 2
Aliases	HILI; FLJ10351; Mili; CT80; Hiwi-like; cancer/testis antigen 80; piwi-like 2 (Drosophila); PIWIL1L; 80kDa PI ......
Chromosomal Location	8p24
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Drugs targeting PIWIL2 collected from DrugBank database.

> Drugs from DrugBank database [ TOP ]
There is no record.

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