TISIDB

Summary
Symbol	RAD21
Name	RAD21 cohesin complex component
Aliases	KIAA0078; hHR21; sister chromatid cohesion 1; kleisin; RAD21 (S. pombe) homolog; RAD21 homolog (S. pombe); C ......
Chromosomal Location	8q24.11
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Basic function annotation. > Subcellular Location, Domain and Function > Gene Ontology > KEGG and Reactome Pathway

> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function [ TOP ]
Subcellular Location	Nucleus Chromosome Chromosome, centromere Note=Associates with chromatin. Before prophase it is scattered along chromosome arms. During prophase, most of cohesin complexes dissociate from chromatin probably because of phosphorylation by PLK, except at centromeres, where cohesin complexes remain. At anaphase, it is cleaved by separase/ESPL1, leading to the dissociation of the complex from chromosomes, allowing chromosome separation. Once cleaved by caspase-3, the C-terminal 64 kDa cleavage product translocates to the cytoplasm, where it may trigger apoptosis.
Domain	PF04824 Conserved region of Rad21 / Rec8 like protein PF04825 N terminus of Rad21 / Rec8 like protein
Function	Cleavable component of the cohesin complex, involved in chromosome cohesion during cell cycle, in DNA repair, and in apoptosis. The cohesin complex is required for the cohesion of sister chromatids after DNA replication. The cohesin complex apparently forms a large proteinaceous ring within which sister chromatids can be trapped. At metaphase-anaphase transition, this protein is cleaved by separase/ESPL1 and dissociates from chromatin, allowing sister chromatids to segregate. The cohesin complex may also play a role in spindle pole assembly during mitosis. Also plays a role in apoptosis, via its cleavage by caspase-3/CASP3 or caspase-7/CASP7 during early steps of apoptosis: the C-terminal 64 kDa cleavage product may act as a nuclear signal to initiate cytoplasmic events involved in the apoptotic pathway.

> Gene Ontology [ TOP ]
Biological Process	GO:0000070 mitotic sister chromatid segregation GO:0000819 sister chromatid segregation GO:0006302 double-strand break repair GO:0006310 DNA recombination GO:0007059 chromosome segregation GO:0007062 sister chromatid cohesion GO:0007064 mitotic sister chromatid cohesion GO:0007067 mitotic nuclear division GO:0007126 meiotic nuclear division GO:0007127 meiosis I GO:0007131 reciprocal meiotic recombination GO:0007135 meiosis II GO:0016925 protein sumoylation GO:0018205 peptidyl-lysine modification GO:0034502 protein localization to chromosome GO:0035825 reciprocal DNA recombination GO:0045132 meiotic chromosome segregation GO:0045144 meiotic sister chromatid segregation GO:0051177 meiotic sister chromatid cohesion GO:0051321 meiotic cell cycle GO:0051754 meiotic sister chromatid cohesion, centromeric GO:0070192 chromosome organization involved in meiotic cell cycle GO:0070601 centromeric sister chromatid cohesion GO:0071168 protein localization to chromatin GO:0098813 nuclear chromosome segregation GO:1903046 meiotic cell cycle process
Molecular Function	GO:0001228 transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific binding GO:0003682 chromatin binding
Cellular Component	GO:0000775 chromosome, centromeric region GO:0000785 chromatin GO:0000793 condensed chromosome GO:0000794 condensed nuclear chromosome GO:0000798 nuclear cohesin complex GO:0008278 cohesin complex GO:0030893 meiotic cohesin complex GO:0034991 nuclear meiotic cohesin complex GO:0044454 nuclear chromosome part GO:0098687 chromosomal region

> KEGG and Reactome Pathway [ TOP ]
KEGG	hsa04110 Cell cycle
Reactome	R-HSA-1640170: Cell Cycle R-HSA-69278: Cell Cycle, Mitotic R-HSA-2470946: Cohesin Loading onto Chromatin R-HSA-2468052: Establishment of Sister Chromatid Cohesion R-HSA-68886: M Phase R-HSA-1500620: Meiosis R-HSA-1221632: Meiotic synapsis R-HSA-392499: Metabolism of proteins R-HSA-68882: Mitotic Anaphase R-HSA-2555396: Mitotic Metaphase and Anaphase R-HSA-68877: Mitotic Prometaphase R-HSA-68884: Mitotic Telophase/Cytokinesis R-HSA-597592: Post-translational protein modification R-HSA-2500257: Resolution of Sister Chromatid Cohesion R-HSA-69242: S Phase R-HSA-3108232: SUMO E3 ligases SUMOylate target proteins R-HSA-2990846: SUMOylation R-HSA-3108214: SUMOylation of DNA damage response and repair proteins R-HSA-2467813: Separation of Sister Chromatids

> KEGG and Reactome Pathway

[ TOP ]

KEGG

hsa04110 Cell cycle

Reactome

R-HSA-1640170: Cell Cycle
R-HSA-69278: Cell Cycle, Mitotic
R-HSA-2470946: Cohesin Loading onto Chromatin
R-HSA-2468052: Establishment of Sister Chromatid Cohesion
R-HSA-68886: M Phase
R-HSA-1500620: Meiosis
R-HSA-1221632: Meiotic synapsis
R-HSA-392499: Metabolism of proteins
R-HSA-68882: Mitotic Anaphase
R-HSA-2555396: Mitotic Metaphase and Anaphase
R-HSA-68877: Mitotic Prometaphase
R-HSA-68884: Mitotic Telophase/Cytokinesis
R-HSA-597592: Post-translational protein modification
R-HSA-2500257: Resolution of Sister Chromatid Cohesion
R-HSA-69242: S Phase
R-HSA-3108232: SUMO E3 ligases SUMOylate target proteins
R-HSA-2990846: SUMOylation
R-HSA-3108214: SUMOylation of DNA damage response and repair proteins
R-HSA-2467813: Separation of Sister Chromatids

Summary
Symbol	RAD21
Name	RAD21 cohesin complex component
Aliases	KIAA0078; hHR21; sister chromatid cohesion 1; kleisin; RAD21 (S. pombe) homolog; RAD21 homolog (S. pombe); C ......
Chromosomal Location	8q24.11
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Literatures that report relations between RAD21 and anti-tumor immunity. The specific mechanism were also collected if the literature reports that a gene specifically promotes or inhibits the infiltration or function of T/NK cells.

> Text Mining [ TOP ]
There is no record.

Summary
Symbol	RAD21
Name	RAD21 cohesin complex component
Aliases	KIAA0078; hHR21; sister chromatid cohesion 1; kleisin; RAD21 (S. pombe) homolog; RAD21 homolog (S. pombe); C ......
Chromosomal Location	8q24.11
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	High-throughput screening data (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9, shRNA and RNAi) for T cell-mediated killing. Genetic screen techniques can identify mechanisms of tumor cell resistance (e.g., PTPN2) and sensitivity (e.g., APLNR) to killing by cytotoxic T cells, the central effectors of anti-tumor immunity. After comprehensively searching, eight groups of screening data sets were collected in the current database. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes cause resistance or increase sensitivity to T cell-mediated killing in various data sets.

> High-throughput Screening

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Statistical results of RAD21 in screening data sets for detecting immune reponses.

PMID	Screening System	Cancer Type	Cell Line	Data Set	Statistical Results	Relation to immunity
29301958	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16F10	Pmel-1 T cell	NA/NS	NA/NS
29301958	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16F10	OT-1 T cell	NA/NS	NA/NS
28783722	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	Mel624	2CT-CRISPR	Second most enriched score: 0.61	Sensitive to T cell-mediated killing
28723893	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16	GVAX+Anti-PD1	NA/NS	NA/NS
28723893	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16	GVAX	NA/NS	NA/NS
25691366	RNAi	Breast cancer	MCF7	Luc-CTL assay	NA/NS	NA/NS
24476824	shRNA	melanoma	B16	Primary screen	NA/NS	NA/NS
24476824	shRNA	melanoma	B16	Secondary screen	NA/NS	NA/NS

Summary
Symbol	RAD21
Name	RAD21 cohesin complex component
Aliases	KIAA0078; hHR21; sister chromatid cohesion 1; kleisin; RAD21 (S. pombe) homolog; RAD21 homolog (S. pombe); C ......
Chromosomal Location	8q24.11
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Transcriptomic and genomic profiling of pre-treated tumor biopsies from responders and non-responders to immunotherapy. These data were used to identify signatures and mechanisms of response to checkpoint blockade (e.g., anti-PDL1 and anti-PD1). One example is that mutations in the gene PBRM1 benefit clinical survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. After comprehensively searching, we collected 5 and 6 of transcriptomic and genomic data sets, respectively. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes have significant difference of expression or mutation between responders and non-responders in various data sets. > Expression difference between responders and non-responders > Mutation difference between responders and non-responders

> Expression difference between responders and non-responders

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Points in the above scatter plot represent the expression difference of RAD21 in various data sets.

No	PMID	Cancer type	Group	Drug	# Res	# NRes	Log2 (Fold Change)	P value
1	26997480	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	14	12	-0.189	0.434
2	26997480	Melanoma	MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	6	5	-0.468	0.857
3	26997480	Melanoma	non-MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	8	7	0.011	0.996
4	28552987	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	9	16	0.26	0.501
5	28552987	Urothelial cancer	smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	5	9	0.221	0.916
6	28552987	Urothelial cancer	non-smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	4	7	0.313	0.909
7	29033130	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	26	23	-0.048	0.923
8	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-PROG	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	15	11	-0.161	0.944
9	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-NAIVE	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	11	12	0.09	0.972
10	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	4	8	0.172	0.917
11	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	2	0	0	1
12	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	non-VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	2	8	0.692	0.784
13	29443960	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	68	230	0.202	0.00783

> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders

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Points in the above scatter plot represent the mutation difference of RAD21 in various data sets.

No	PMID	Cancer type	Group	Drug	# Res	# NRes	% Mut/Res	% Mut/NRes	% Diff (R vs NR)	Pval
1	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	14	17	0	0	0	1
2	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	smoking	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	10	3	0	0	0	1
3	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	non-smoking	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	4	14	0	0	0	1
4	26359337	Melanoma	all	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	27	73	7.4	2.7	4.7	0.294
5	26359337	Melanoma	BRAFi	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	0	14	0	0	0	1
6	26359337	Melanoma	non-BRAFi	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	27	59	7.4	3.4	4	0.587
7	26997480	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	21	17	0	0	0	1
8	26997480	Melanoma	MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	8	6	0	0	0	1
9	26997480	Melanoma	non-MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	13	11	0	0	0	1
10	28552987	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	9	16	0	0	0	1
11	28552987	Urothelial cancer	smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	5	9	0	0	0	1
12	28552987	Urothelial cancer	non-smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	4	7	0	0	0	1
13	29033130	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	38	27	2.6	0	2.6	1
14	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-PROG	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	22	13	4.5	0	4.5	1
15	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-NAIVE	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	16	14	0	0	0	1
16	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	11	13	0	0	0	1
17	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	6	1	0	0	0	1
18	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	non-VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	5	12	0	0	0	1

Summary
Symbol	RAD21
Name	RAD21 cohesin complex component
Aliases	KIAA0078; hHR21; sister chromatid cohesion 1; kleisin; RAD21 (S. pombe) homolog; RAD21 homolog (S. pombe); C ......
Chromosomal Location	8q24.11
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of RAD21. The immune-related signatures of 28 TIL types from Charoentong's study, which can be viewed in the download page. For each cancer type, the relative abundance of TILs were inferred by using gene set variation analysis (GSVA) based on gene expression profile. In this tab, users can examine which kinds of TILs might be regulated by the current gene.

> Lymphocyte [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	RAD21
Name	RAD21 cohesin complex component
Aliases	KIAA0078; hHR21; sister chromatid cohesion 1; kleisin; RAD21 (S. pombe) homolog; RAD21 homolog (S. pombe); C ......
Chromosomal Location	8q24.11
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between three kinds of immunomodulators and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of RAD21. These immunomo-dulators were collected from Charoentong's study. In this tab, users can examine which immunomodulators might be regulated by RAD21. > Immunoinhibitor > Immunostimulator > MHC molecule

> Immunoinhibitor [ TOP ]

> Immunostimulator [ TOP ]

> MHC molecule [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	RAD21
Name	RAD21 cohesin complex component
Aliases	KIAA0078; hHR21; sister chromatid cohesion 1; kleisin; RAD21 (S. pombe) homolog; RAD21 homolog (S. pombe); C ......
Chromosomal Location	8q24.11
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between chemokines (or receptors) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of RAD21. In this tab, users can examine which chemokines (or receptors) might be regulated by the current gene. > Chemokine > Receptor

> Chemokine [ TOP ]

> Receptor [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	RAD21
Name	RAD21 cohesin complex component
Aliases	KIAA0078; hHR21; sister chromatid cohesion 1; kleisin; RAD21 (S. pombe) homolog; RAD21 homolog (S. pombe); C ......
Chromosomal Location	8q24.11
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Distribution of RAD21 expression across immune and molecular subtypes. > Immune subtype > Molecular subtype

> Immune subtype [ TOP ]

> Molecular subtype [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	RAD21
Name	RAD21 cohesin complex component
Aliases	KIAA0078; hHR21; sister chromatid cohesion 1; kleisin; RAD21 (S. pombe) homolog; RAD21 homolog (S. pombe); C ......
Chromosomal Location	8q24.11
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Associations between RAD21 and clinical features. > Overall survival analysis > Cancer stage > Tumor grade

> Overall survival [ TOP ]

> Stage [ TOP ]

> Grade [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	RAD21
Name	RAD21 cohesin complex component
Aliases	KIAA0078; hHR21; sister chromatid cohesion 1; kleisin; RAD21 (S. pombe) homolog; RAD21 homolog (S. pombe); C ......
Chromosomal Location	8q24.11
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Drugs targeting RAD21 collected from DrugBank database.

> Drugs from DrugBank database [ TOP ]
There is no record.

Browse RAD21