TISIDB

Summary
Symbol	RHOA
Name	ras homolog family member A
Aliases	Rho12; RHOH12; ARH12; ARHA; Aplysia ras-related homolog 12; oncogene RHO H12; small GTP binding protein RhoA ......
Chromosomal Location	3p21.3
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Basic function annotation. > Subcellular Location, Domain and Function > Gene Ontology > KEGG and Reactome Pathway

> Subcellular Location, Domain and Function [ TOP ]
Subcellular Location	Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Cleavage furrow. Cytoplasm, cell cortex Midbody. Cell projection, lamellipodium Note=Localized to cell-cell contacts in calcium-treated keratinocytes (By similarity). Translocates to the equatorial region before furrow formation in a ECT2-dependent manner. Localizes to the equatorial cell cortex (at the site of the presumptive furrow) in early anaphase in an activated form and in a myosin- and actin-independent manner.
Domain	PF00071 Ras family
Function	Regulates a signal transduction pathway linking plasma membrane receptors to the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers. Involved in a microtubule-dependent signal that is required for the myosin contractile ring formation during cell cycle cytokinesis. Plays an essential role in cleavage furrow formation. Required for the apical junction formation of keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion. Stimulates PKN2 kinase activity. May be an activator of PLCE1. Activated by ARHGEF2, which promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP. Essential for the SPATA13-mediated regulation of cell migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly. The MEMO1-RHOA-DIAPH1 signaling pathway plays an important role in ERBB2-dependent stabilization of microtubules at the cell cortex. It controls the localization of APC and CLASP2 to the cell membrane, via the regulation of GSK3B activity. In turn, membrane-bound APC allows the localization of the MACF1 to the cell membrane, which is required for microtubule capture and stabilization. Regulates a signal transduction pathway linking plasma membrane receptors to the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers. Involved in a microtubule-dependent signal that is required for the myosin contractile ring formation during cell cycle cytokinesis. Plays an essential role in cleavage furrow formation. Required for the apical junction formation of keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion. May be an activator of PLCE1. Activated by ARHGEF2, which promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP. Essential for the SPATA13-mediated regulation of cell migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly. The MEMO1-RHOA-DIAPH1 signaling pathway plays an important role in ERBB2-dependent stabilization of microtubules at the cell cortex. It controls the localization of APC and CLASP2 to the cell membrane, via the regulation of GSK3B activity. In turn, membrane-bound APC allows the localization of the MACF1 to the cell membrane, which is required for microtubule capture and stabilization (By similarity). Regulates KCNA2 potassium channel activity by reducing its location at the cell surface in response to CHRM1 activation; promotes KCNA2 endocytosis (PubMed:9635436, PubMed:19403695). ; FUNCTION: (Microbial infection) Serves as a target for the yopT cysteine peptidase from Yersinia pestis, vector of the plague. ; FUNCTION: (Microbial infection) Serves as a target for the yopT cysteine peptidase from Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, which causes gastrointestinal disorders.

> Gene Ontology [ TOP ]
Biological Process	GO:0000226 microtubule cytoskeleton organization GO:0000281 mitotic cytokinesis GO:0000910 cytokinesis GO:0001501 skeletal system development GO:0001503 ossification GO:0001525 angiogenesis GO:0001667 ameboidal-type cell migration GO:0001736 establishment of planar polarity GO:0001738 morphogenesis of a polarized epithelium GO:0002011 morphogenesis of an epithelial sheet GO:0002040 sprouting angiogenesis GO:0002042 cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis GO:0003158 endothelium development GO:0003159 morphogenesis of an endothelium GO:0006606 protein import into nucleus GO:0006913 nucleocytoplasmic transport GO:0007015 actin filament organization GO:0007043 cell-cell junction assembly GO:0007051 spindle organization GO:0007067 mitotic nuclear division GO:0007164 establishment of tissue polarity GO:0007178 transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway GO:0007179 transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway GO:0007249 I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling GO:0007265 Ras protein signal transduction GO:0007266 Rho protein signal transduction GO:0007409 axonogenesis GO:0007596 blood coagulation GO:0007599 hemostasis GO:0010324 membrane invagination GO:0010594 regulation of endothelial cell migration GO:0010596 negative regulation of endothelial cell migration GO:0010631 epithelial cell migration GO:0010632 regulation of epithelial cell migration GO:0010633 negative regulation of epithelial cell migration GO:0010720 positive regulation of cell development GO:0010721 negative regulation of cell development GO:0010769 regulation of cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation GO:0010770 positive regulation of cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation GO:0010771 negative regulation of cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation GO:0010975 regulation of neuron projection development GO:0010976 positive regulation of neuron projection development GO:0010977 negative regulation of neuron projection development GO:0016055 Wnt signaling pathway GO:0016525 negative regulation of angiogenesis GO:0017038 protein import GO:0021700 developmental maturation GO:0021762 substantia nigra development GO:0022604 regulation of cell morphogenesis GO:0030038 contractile actin filament bundle assembly GO:0030168 platelet activation GO:0030336 negative regulation of cell migration GO:0030901 midbrain development GO:0031032 actomyosin structure organization GO:0031345 negative regulation of cell projection organization GO:0031346 positive regulation of cell projection organization GO:0031503 protein complex localization GO:0031532 actin cytoskeleton reorganization GO:0032231 regulation of actin filament bundle assembly GO:0032233 positive regulation of actin filament bundle assembly GO:0032386 regulation of intracellular transport GO:0032388 positive regulation of intracellular transport GO:0032465 regulation of cytokinesis GO:0032467 positive regulation of cytokinesis GO:0032506 cytokinetic process GO:0032956 regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization GO:0032970 regulation of actin filament-based process GO:0033157 regulation of intracellular protein transport GO:0033674 positive regulation of kinase activity GO:0033687 osteoblast proliferation GO:0033688 regulation of osteoblast proliferation GO:0034329 cell junction assembly GO:0034330 cell junction organization GO:0034504 protein localization to nucleus GO:0035239 tube morphogenesis GO:0035385 Roundabout signaling pathway GO:0035567 non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway GO:0036089 cleavage furrow formation GO:0038027 apolipoprotein A-I-mediated signaling pathway GO:0040013 negative regulation of locomotion GO:0042306 regulation of protein import into nucleus GO:0042307 positive regulation of protein import into nucleus GO:0042345 regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus GO:0042346 positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus GO:0042348 NF-kappaB import into nucleus GO:0042990 regulation of transcription factor import into nucleus GO:0042991 transcription factor import into nucleus GO:0042993 positive regulation of transcription factor import into nucleus GO:0043122 regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling GO:0043123 positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling GO:0043149 stress fiber assembly GO:0043297 apical junction assembly GO:0043534 blood vessel endothelial cell migration GO:0043535 regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration GO:0043537 negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration GO:0043542 endothelial cell migration GO:0043931 ossification involved in bone maturation GO:0044089 positive regulation of cellular component biogenesis GO:0044319 wound healing, spreading of cells GO:0044744 protein targeting to nucleus GO:0045216 cell-cell junction organization GO:0045665 negative regulation of neuron differentiation GO:0045666 positive regulation of neuron differentiation GO:0045765 regulation of angiogenesis GO:0045787 positive regulation of cell cycle GO:0045860 positive regulation of protein kinase activity GO:0046822 regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport GO:0046824 positive regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport GO:0048010 vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway GO:0048013 ephrin receptor signaling pathway GO:0048015 phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling GO:0048017 inositol lipid-mediated signaling GO:0048514 blood vessel morphogenesis GO:0048667 cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation GO:0048799 animal organ maturation GO:0048857 neural nucleus development GO:0050768 negative regulation of neurogenesis GO:0050769 positive regulation of neurogenesis GO:0050770 regulation of axonogenesis GO:0050771 negative regulation of axonogenesis GO:0050772 positive regulation of axonogenesis GO:0050817 coagulation GO:0050878 regulation of body fluid levels GO:0050919 negative chemotaxis GO:0051017 actin filament bundle assembly GO:0051056 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction GO:0051169 nuclear transport GO:0051170 nuclear import GO:0051222 positive regulation of protein transport GO:0051225 spindle assembly GO:0051271 negative regulation of cellular component movement GO:0051302 regulation of cell division GO:0051492 regulation of stress fiber assembly GO:0051493 regulation of cytoskeleton organization GO:0051495 positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization GO:0051496 positive regulation of stress fiber assembly GO:0051781 positive regulation of cell division GO:0051961 negative regulation of nervous system development GO:0051962 positive regulation of nervous system development GO:0060071 Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway GO:0060191 regulation of lipase activity GO:0060193 positive regulation of lipase activity GO:0060348 bone development GO:0060562 epithelial tube morphogenesis GO:0061154 endothelial tube morphogenesis GO:0061383 trabecula morphogenesis GO:0061564 axon development GO:0061572 actin filament bundle organization GO:0061640 cytoskeleton-dependent cytokinesis GO:0070977 bone maturation GO:0071559 response to transforming growth factor beta GO:0071560 cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus GO:0071695 anatomical structure maturation GO:0071900 regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity GO:0071902 positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity GO:0090049 regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis GO:0090051 negative regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis GO:0090068 positive regulation of cell cycle process GO:0090130 tissue migration GO:0090132 epithelium migration GO:0090175 regulation of establishment of planar polarity GO:0090307 mitotic spindle assembly GO:0090316 positive regulation of intracellular protein transport GO:0090504 epiboly GO:0090505 epiboly involved in wound healing GO:0097498 endothelial tube lumen extension GO:0099024 plasma membrane invagination GO:0198738 cell-cell signaling by wnt GO:1900180 regulation of protein localization to nucleus GO:1900182 positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus GO:1901342 regulation of vasculature development GO:1901343 negative regulation of vasculature development GO:1902410 mitotic cytokinetic process GO:1902593 single-organism nuclear import GO:1902766 skeletal muscle satellite cell migration GO:1902850 microtubule cytoskeleton organization involved in mitosis GO:1903533 regulation of protein targeting GO:1903670 regulation of sprouting angiogenesis GO:1903671 negative regulation of sprouting angiogenesis GO:1903673 mitotic cleavage furrow formation GO:1903829 positive regulation of cellular protein localization GO:1904589 regulation of protein import GO:1904591 positive regulation of protein import GO:1904951 positive regulation of establishment of protein localization GO:1905330 regulation of morphogenesis of an epithelium GO:2000027 regulation of organ morphogenesis GO:2000146 negative regulation of cell motility GO:2000181 negative regulation of blood vessel morphogenesis
Molecular Function	GO:0003924 GTPase activity GO:0005525 GTP binding GO:0017022 myosin binding GO:0019001 guanyl nucleotide binding GO:0032561 guanyl ribonucleotide binding
Cellular Component	GO:0005924 cell-substrate adherens junction GO:0005925 focal adhesion GO:0005938 cell cortex GO:0009898 cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane GO:0019897 extrinsic component of plasma membrane GO:0019898 extrinsic component of membrane GO:0030027 lamellipodium GO:0030055 cell-substrate junction GO:0030496 midbody GO:0031234 extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane GO:0031252 cell leading edge GO:0032153 cell division site GO:0032154 cleavage furrow GO:0032155 cell division site part GO:0043296 apical junction complex GO:0097610 cell surface furrow GO:0098552 side of membrane GO:0098562 cytoplasmic side of membrane GO:0099568 cytoplasmic region

> KEGG and Reactome Pathway [ TOP ]
KEGG	hsa04014 Ras signaling pathway hsa04015 Rap1 signaling pathway hsa04022 cGMP-PKG signaling pathway hsa04024 cAMP signaling pathway hsa04062 Chemokine signaling pathway hsa04071 Sphingolipid signaling pathway hsa04144 Endocytosis hsa04150 mTOR signaling pathway hsa04270 Vascular smooth muscle contraction hsa04310 Wnt signaling pathway hsa04350 TGF-beta signaling pathway hsa04360 Axon guidance hsa04510 Focal adhesion hsa04520 Adherens junction hsa04530 Tight junction hsa04611 Platelet activation hsa04621 NOD-like receptor signaling pathway hsa04660 T cell receptor signaling pathway hsa04670 Leukocyte transendothelial migration hsa04722 Neurotrophin signaling pathway hsa04810 Regulation of actin cytoskeleton hsa04921 Oxytocin signaling pathway hsa04972 Pancreatic secretion
Reactome	R-HSA-422475: Axon guidance R-HSA-193634: Axonal growth inhibition (RHOA activation) R-HSA-209563: Axonal growth stimulation R-HSA-3858494: Beta-catenin independent WNT signaling R-HSA-5688426: Deubiquitination R-HSA-1266738: Developmental Biology R-HSA-2682334: EPH-Ephrin signaling R-HSA-3928663: EPHA-mediated growth cone collapse R-HSA-3928662: EPHB-mediated forward signaling R-HSA-6785631: ERBB2 Regulates Cell Motility R-HSA-416482: G alpha (12/13) signalling events R-HSA-392451: G beta R-HSA-397795: G-protein beta R-HSA-388396: GPCR downstream signaling R-HSA-114604: GPVI-mediated activation cascade R-HSA-109582: Hemostasis R-HSA-168256: Immune System R-HSA-168249: Innate Immune System R-HSA-392499: Metabolism of proteins R-HSA-187037: NGF signalling via TRKA from the plasma membrane R-HSA-6798695: Neutrophil degranulation R-HSA-5689896: Ovarian tumor domain proteases R-HSA-4086400: PCP/CE pathway R-HSA-198203: PI3K/AKT activation R-HSA-8849471: PTK6 Regulates RHO GTPases, RAS GTPase and MAP kinases R-HSA-76002: Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation R-HSA-597592: Post-translational protein modification R-HSA-195258: RHO GTPase Effectors R-HSA-5663220: RHO GTPases Activate Formins R-HSA-5627117: RHO GTPases Activate ROCKs R-HSA-5666185: RHO GTPases Activate Rhotekin and Rhophilins R-HSA-5625900: RHO GTPases activate CIT R-HSA-5625970: RHO GTPases activate KTN1 R-HSA-5625740: RHO GTPases activate PKNs R-HSA-194840: Rho GTPase cycle R-HSA-400685: Sema4D in semaphorin signaling R-HSA-416572: Sema4D induced cell migration and growth-cone collapse R-HSA-416550: Sema4D mediated inhibition of cell attachment and migration R-HSA-373755: Semaphorin interactions R-HSA-162582: Signal Transduction R-HSA-1227986: Signaling by ERBB2 R-HSA-372790: Signaling by GPCR R-HSA-8848021: Signaling by PTK6 R-HSA-194315: Signaling by Rho GTPases R-HSA-170834: Signaling by TGF-beta Receptor Complex R-HSA-194138: Signaling by VEGF R-HSA-195721: Signaling by Wnt R-HSA-166520: Signalling by NGF R-HSA-2173791: TGF-beta receptor signaling in EMT (epithelial to mesenchymal transition) R-HSA-4420097: VEGFA-VEGFR2 Pathway R-HSA-193704: p75 NTR receptor-mediated signalling R-HSA-193697: p75NTR regulates axonogenesis

> KEGG and Reactome Pathway

[ TOP ]

KEGG

hsa04014 Ras signaling pathway
hsa04015 Rap1 signaling pathway
hsa04022 cGMP-PKG signaling pathway
hsa04024 cAMP signaling pathway
hsa04062 Chemokine signaling pathway
hsa04071 Sphingolipid signaling pathway
hsa04144 Endocytosis
hsa04150 mTOR signaling pathway
hsa04270 Vascular smooth muscle contraction
hsa04310 Wnt signaling pathway
hsa04350 TGF-beta signaling pathway
hsa04360 Axon guidance
hsa04510 Focal adhesion
hsa04520 Adherens junction
hsa04530 Tight junction
hsa04611 Platelet activation
hsa04621 NOD-like receptor signaling pathway
hsa04660 T cell receptor signaling pathway
hsa04670 Leukocyte transendothelial migration
hsa04722 Neurotrophin signaling pathway
hsa04810 Regulation of actin cytoskeleton
hsa04921 Oxytocin signaling pathway
hsa04972 Pancreatic secretion

Reactome

R-HSA-422475: Axon guidance
R-HSA-193634: Axonal growth inhibition (RHOA activation)
R-HSA-209563: Axonal growth stimulation
R-HSA-3858494: Beta-catenin independent WNT signaling
R-HSA-5688426: Deubiquitination
R-HSA-1266738: Developmental Biology
R-HSA-2682334: EPH-Ephrin signaling
R-HSA-3928663: EPHA-mediated growth cone collapse
R-HSA-3928662: EPHB-mediated forward signaling
R-HSA-6785631: ERBB2 Regulates Cell Motility
R-HSA-416482: G alpha (12/13) signalling events
R-HSA-392451: G beta
R-HSA-397795: G-protein beta
R-HSA-388396: GPCR downstream signaling
R-HSA-114604: GPVI-mediated activation cascade
R-HSA-109582: Hemostasis
R-HSA-168256: Immune System
R-HSA-168249: Innate Immune System
R-HSA-392499: Metabolism of proteins
R-HSA-187037: NGF signalling via TRKA from the plasma membrane
R-HSA-6798695: Neutrophil degranulation
R-HSA-5689896: Ovarian tumor domain proteases
R-HSA-4086400: PCP/CE pathway
R-HSA-198203: PI3K/AKT activation
R-HSA-8849471: PTK6 Regulates RHO GTPases, RAS GTPase and MAP kinases
R-HSA-76002: Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation
R-HSA-597592: Post-translational protein modification
R-HSA-195258: RHO GTPase Effectors
R-HSA-5663220: RHO GTPases Activate Formins
R-HSA-5627117: RHO GTPases Activate ROCKs
R-HSA-5666185: RHO GTPases Activate Rhotekin and Rhophilins
R-HSA-5625900: RHO GTPases activate CIT
R-HSA-5625970: RHO GTPases activate KTN1
R-HSA-5625740: RHO GTPases activate PKNs
R-HSA-194840: Rho GTPase cycle
R-HSA-400685: Sema4D in semaphorin signaling
R-HSA-416572: Sema4D induced cell migration and growth-cone collapse
R-HSA-416550: Sema4D mediated inhibition of cell attachment and migration
R-HSA-373755: Semaphorin interactions
R-HSA-162582: Signal Transduction
R-HSA-1227986: Signaling by ERBB2
R-HSA-372790: Signaling by GPCR
R-HSA-8848021: Signaling by PTK6
R-HSA-194315: Signaling by Rho GTPases
R-HSA-170834: Signaling by TGF-beta Receptor Complex
R-HSA-194138: Signaling by VEGF
R-HSA-195721: Signaling by Wnt
R-HSA-166520: Signalling by NGF
R-HSA-2173791: TGF-beta receptor signaling in EMT (epithelial to mesenchymal transition)
R-HSA-4420097: VEGFA-VEGFR2 Pathway
R-HSA-193704: p75 NTR receptor-mediated signalling
R-HSA-193697: p75NTR regulates axonogenesis

Summary
Symbol	RHOA
Name	ras homolog family member A
Aliases	Rho12; RHOH12; ARH12; ARHA; Aplysia ras-related homolog 12; oncogene RHO H12; small GTP binding protein RhoA ......
Chromosomal Location	3p21.3
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Literatures that report relations between RHOA and anti-tumor immunity. The specific mechanism were also collected if the literature reports that a gene specifically promotes or inhibits the infiltration or function of T/NK cells.

> Text Mining

[ TOP ]

Literatures describing the relation between RHOA and anti-tumor immunity in human cancer.

PMID	Cancer type	Relation to immunity	Evidence sentences
23325833	leukemia	Promote immunity	We show that following the coculture of previously healthy T cells with CLL cells, subsequent LFA-1 engagement leads to altered Rho GTPase activation signaling by downregulating RhoA and Rac1, while upregulating Cdc42

Summary
Symbol	RHOA
Name	ras homolog family member A
Aliases	Rho12; RHOH12; ARH12; ARHA; Aplysia ras-related homolog 12; oncogene RHO H12; small GTP binding protein RhoA ......
Chromosomal Location	3p21.3
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	High-throughput screening data (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9, shRNA and RNAi) for T cell-mediated killing. Genetic screen techniques can identify mechanisms of tumor cell resistance (e.g., PTPN2) and sensitivity (e.g., APLNR) to killing by cytotoxic T cells, the central effectors of anti-tumor immunity. After comprehensively searching, eight groups of screening data sets were collected in the current database. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes cause resistance or increase sensitivity to T cell-mediated killing in various data sets.

> High-throughput Screening

[ TOP ]

Statistical results of RHOA in screening data sets for detecting immune reponses.

PMID	Screening System	Cancer Type	Cell Line	Data Set	Statistical Results	Relation to immunity
29301958	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16F10	Pmel-1 T cell	NA/NS	NA/NS
29301958	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16F10	OT-1 T cell	NA/NS	NA/NS
28783722	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	Mel624	2CT-CRISPR	NA/NS	NA/NS
28723893	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16	GVAX+Anti-PD1	NA/NS	NA/NS
28723893	CRISPR-Cas9	melanoma	B16	GVAX	NA/NS	NA/NS
25691366	RNAi	Breast cancer	MCF7	Luc-CTL assay	NA/NS	NA/NS
24476824	shRNA	melanoma	B16	Primary screen	NA/NS	NA/NS
24476824	shRNA	melanoma	B16	Secondary screen	NA/NS	NA/NS

Summary
Symbol	RHOA
Name	ras homolog family member A
Aliases	Rho12; RHOH12; ARH12; ARHA; Aplysia ras-related homolog 12; oncogene RHO H12; small GTP binding protein RhoA ......
Chromosomal Location	3p21.3
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Transcriptomic and genomic profiling of pre-treated tumor biopsies from responders and non-responders to immunotherapy. These data were used to identify signatures and mechanisms of response to checkpoint blockade (e.g., anti-PDL1 and anti-PD1). One example is that mutations in the gene PBRM1 benefit clinical survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. After comprehensively searching, we collected 5 and 6 of transcriptomic and genomic data sets, respectively. In this tab, users can check whether their selected genes have significant difference of expression or mutation between responders and non-responders in various data sets. > Expression difference between responders and non-responders > Mutation difference between responders and non-responders

> Expression difference between responders and non-responders

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Points in the above scatter plot represent the expression difference of RHOA in various data sets.

No	PMID	Cancer type	Group	Drug	# Res	# NRes	Log2 (Fold Change)	P value
1	26997480	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	14	12	0.035	0.845
2	26997480	Melanoma	MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	6	5	0.283	0.944
3	26997480	Melanoma	non-MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	8	7	-0.137	0.961
4	28552987	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	9	16	0.177	0.583
5	28552987	Urothelial cancer	smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	5	9	-0.118	0.959
6	28552987	Urothelial cancer	non-smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	4	7	0.55	0.852
7	29033130	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	26	23	-0.235	0.66
8	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-PROG	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	15	11	-0.222	0.93
9	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-NAIVE	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	11	12	-0.261	0.926
10	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	4	8	0.11	0.964
11	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	2	0	0	1
12	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	non-VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	2	8	0.56	0.884
13	29443960	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	68	230	-0.044	0.443

> Mutation difference between responders and non-responders

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Points in the above scatter plot represent the mutation difference of RHOA in various data sets.

No	PMID	Cancer type	Group	Drug	# Res	# NRes	% Mut/Res	% Mut/NRes	% Diff (R vs NR)	Pval
1	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	14	17	0	0	0	1
2	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	smoking	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	10	3	0	0	0	1
3	25765070	Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	non-smoking	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)	4	14	0	0	0	1
4	26359337	Melanoma	all	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	27	73	3.7	1.4	2.3	0.469
5	26359337	Melanoma	BRAFi	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	0	14	0	0	0	1
6	26359337	Melanoma	non-BRAFi	Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab)	27	59	3.7	1.7	2	0.532
7	26997480	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	21	17	0	0	0	1
8	26997480	Melanoma	MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	8	6	0	0	0	1
9	26997480	Melanoma	non-MAPKi	Anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab)	13	11	0	0	0	1
10	28552987	Urothelial cancer	all	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	9	16	0	0	0	1
11	28552987	Urothelial cancer	smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	5	9	0	0	0	1
12	28552987	Urothelial cancer	non-smoking	Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab)	4	7	0	0	0	1
13	29033130	Melanoma	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	38	27	7.9	0	7.9	0.26
14	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-PROG	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	22	13	4.5	0	4.5	1
15	29033130	Melanoma	NIV3-NAIVE	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	16	14	12.5	0	12.5	0.485
16	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	all	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	11	13	0	0	0	1
17	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	6	1	0	0	0	1
18	29301960	Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)	non-VEGFRi	Anti-PD-1 (nivolumab)	5	12	0	0	0	1

Summary
Symbol	RHOA
Name	ras homolog family member A
Aliases	Rho12; RHOH12; ARH12; ARHA; Aplysia ras-related homolog 12; oncogene RHO H12; small GTP binding protein RhoA ......
Chromosomal Location	3p21.3
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of RHOA. The immune-related signatures of 28 TIL types from Charoentong's study, which can be viewed in the download page. For each cancer type, the relative abundance of TILs were inferred by using gene set variation analysis (GSVA) based on gene expression profile. In this tab, users can examine which kinds of TILs might be regulated by the current gene.

> Lymphocyte [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	RHOA
Name	ras homolog family member A
Aliases	Rho12; RHOH12; ARH12; ARHA; Aplysia ras-related homolog 12; oncogene RHO H12; small GTP binding protein RhoA ......
Chromosomal Location	3p21.3
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between three kinds of immunomodulators and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of RHOA. These immunomo-dulators were collected from Charoentong's study. In this tab, users can examine which immunomodulators might be regulated by RHOA. > Immunoinhibitor > Immunostimulator > MHC molecule

> Immunoinhibitor [ TOP ]

> Immunostimulator [ TOP ]

> MHC molecule [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	RHOA
Name	ras homolog family member A
Aliases	Rho12; RHOH12; ARH12; ARHA; Aplysia ras-related homolog 12; oncogene RHO H12; small GTP binding protein RhoA ......
Chromosomal Location	3p21.3
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Relations between chemokines (or receptors) and expression, copy number, methylation, or mutation of RHOA. In this tab, users can examine which chemokines (or receptors) might be regulated by the current gene. > Chemokine > Receptor

> Chemokine [ TOP ]

> Receptor [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	RHOA
Name	ras homolog family member A
Aliases	Rho12; RHOH12; ARH12; ARHA; Aplysia ras-related homolog 12; oncogene RHO H12; small GTP binding protein RhoA ......
Chromosomal Location	3p21.3
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Distribution of RHOA expression across immune and molecular subtypes. > Immune subtype > Molecular subtype

> Immune subtype [ TOP ]

> Molecular subtype [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	RHOA
Name	ras homolog family member A
Aliases	Rho12; RHOH12; ARH12; ARHA; Aplysia ras-related homolog 12; oncogene RHO H12; small GTP binding protein RhoA ......
Chromosomal Location	3p21.3
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Associations between RHOA and clinical features. > Overall survival analysis > Cancer stage > Tumor grade

> Overall survival [ TOP ]

> Stage [ TOP ]

> Grade [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	RHOA
Name	ras homolog family member A
Aliases	Rho12; RHOH12; ARH12; ARHA; Aplysia ras-related homolog 12; oncogene RHO H12; small GTP binding protein RhoA ......
Chromosomal Location	3p21.3
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Content	Drugs targeting RHOA collected from DrugBank database.

> Drugs from DrugBank database

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Details on drugs targeting RHOA.

ID	Name	Drug Type	Targets	#Targets
DB04315	Guanosine-5'-Diphosphate	Small Molecule	ADSSL1, ARF1, ARF4, ARF6, ARL1, ARL3, ARL5A, ARL5B, CDC42, EEF1A1, ......	36

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