CR2Cancer

Summary
Symbol	BMI1
Name	BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger
Aliases	RNF51; PCGF4; polycomb group ring finger 4; B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog (mouse); FLVI2/BMI1 ......
Location	10p12.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Cancer Gene Databases	ONGene (Oncogene) , TSGene (Tumor suppressor gene) , NCG (Network of Cancer Genes)
Content	> Domain, Function and Classification > Gene Ontology > KEGG and Reactome Pathway

> Domain, Function and Classification

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Domain

PF16207 RAWUL domain RING finger- and WD40-associated ubiquitin-like

Function

Component of a Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC1-like complex, a complex class required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of many genes, including Hox genes, throughout development. PcG PRC1 complex acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones; it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-119', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. In the PRC1 complex, it is required to stimulate the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity of RNF2/RING2.

Classification

Class	Modification	Substrate	Product	PubMed
Polycomb group (PcG) protein	#	#	#	15386022

> Gene Ontology [ TOP ]
Biological Process	GO:0003002 regionalization GO:0007379 segment specification GO:0007389 pattern specification process GO:0016925 protein sumoylation GO:0018205 peptidyl-lysine modification GO:0031396 regulation of protein ubiquitination GO:0031398 positive regulation of protein ubiquitination GO:0035282 segmentation GO:0040029 regulation of gene expression, epigenetic GO:0045814 negative regulation of gene expression, epigenetic GO:0048144 fibroblast proliferation GO:0048145 regulation of fibroblast proliferation GO:0048146 positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation GO:0051438 regulation of ubiquitin-protein transferase activity GO:0051443 positive regulation of ubiquitin-protein transferase activity GO:1903320 regulation of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal GO:1903322 positive regulation of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal
Molecular Function	GO:0003682 chromatin binding GO:0071535 RING-like zinc finger domain binding GO:1990841 promoter-specific chromatin binding
Cellular Component	GO:0000151 ubiquitin ligase complex GO:0000152 nuclear ubiquitin ligase complex GO:0031519 PcG protein complex GO:0035102 PRC1 complex

> KEGG and Reactome Pathway [ TOP ]
KEGG	hsa04550 Signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells
Reactome	R-HSA-2559583: Cellular Senescence R-HSA-2262752: Cellular responses to stress R-HSA-392499: Metabolism of proteins R-HSA-2559580: Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence R-HSA-597592: Post-translational protein modification R-HSA-3108232: SUMO E3 ligases SUMOylate target proteins R-HSA-2990846: SUMOylation R-HSA-3108214: SUMOylation of DNA damage response and repair proteins R-HSA-4570464: SUMOylation of RNA binding proteins

> KEGG and Reactome Pathway

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KEGG

hsa04550 Signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells

Reactome

R-HSA-2559583: Cellular Senescence
R-HSA-2262752: Cellular responses to stress
R-HSA-392499: Metabolism of proteins
R-HSA-2559580: Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence
R-HSA-597592: Post-translational protein modification
R-HSA-3108232: SUMO E3 ligases SUMOylate target proteins
R-HSA-2990846: SUMOylation
R-HSA-3108214: SUMOylation of DNA damage response and repair proteins
R-HSA-4570464: SUMOylation of RNA binding proteins

Summary
Symbol	BMI1
Name	BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger
Aliases	RNF51; PCGF4; polycomb group ring finger 4; B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog (mouse); FLVI2/BMI1 ......
Location	10p12.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Cancer Gene Databases	ONGene (Oncogene) , TSGene (Tumor suppressor gene) , NCG (Network of Cancer Genes)
Content	> Mutation landscape in primary tumor tissue from TCGA > Mutation landscape in cancer cell line from CCLE > All mutations from COSMIC database V81 > Variations from text mining

> The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) [ TOP ]

> Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) [ TOP ]

> Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC)

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COSMIC ID	CDS change	AA change	Mutation Type	Anatomical Site
COSM3436549	c.832C>T	p.P278S	Substitution - Missense	Skin
COSM2133116	c.596C>A	p.P199H	Substitution - Missense	Large_intestine
COSM3436548	c.686C>T	p.P229L	Substitution - Missense	Skin
COSM5642975	c.586G>T	p.E196*	Substitution - Nonsense	Oesophagus
COSM5910677	c.304C>T	p.P102S	Substitution - Missense	Skin
COSM5631683	c.862C>T	p.H288Y	Substitution - Missense	Oesophagus
COSM2133114	c.429G>T	p.L143F	Substitution - Missense	Large_intestine
COSM1195035	c.766G>T	p.D256Y	Substitution - Missense	Lung
COSM2152987	c.552C>T	p.D184D	Substitution - coding silent	Central_nervous_system
COSM268754	c.98A>T	p.E33V	Substitution - Missense	Large_intestine
COSM4013334	c.415G>A	p.D139N	Substitution - Missense	Breast
COSM4934766	c.722A>G	p.D241G	Substitution - Missense	Liver
COSM1474555	c.846T>G	p.P282P	Substitution - coding silent	Breast
COSM5962906	c.839A>C	p.Q280P	Substitution - Missense	Breast
COSM5753450	c.930T>G	p.N310K	Substitution - Missense	Large_intestine
COSM4952833	c.589G>C	p.E197Q	Substitution - Missense	Liver
COSM4959727	c.761G>A	p.G254E	Substitution - Missense	Liver
COSM3966997	c.744A>G	p.E248E	Substitution - coding silent	Central_nervous_system
COSM3436547	c.133C>T	p.R45C	Substitution - Missense	Skin
COSM3397045	c.156T>G	p.Y52*	Substitution - Nonsense	Central_nervous_system
COSM3382811	c.361G>A	p.D121N	Substitution - Missense	Pancreas
COSM4838639	c.337G>C	p.D113H	Substitution - Missense	Cervix
COSM4013336	c.649A>T	p.R217W	Substitution - Missense	Stomach
COSM1603318	c.249T>A	p.V83V	Substitution - coding silent	Liver
COSM1184753	c.821G>A	p.S274N	Substitution - Missense	Large_intestine
COSM1195035	c.766G>T	p.D256Y	Substitution - Missense	Lung
COSM5753450	c.930T>G	p.N310K	Substitution - Missense	Large_intestine
COSM4952833	c.589G>C	p.E197Q	Substitution - Missense	Liver
COSM1184755	c.187A>G	p.T63A	Substitution - Missense	Large_intestine
COSM4674144	c.411C>A	p.F137L	Substitution - Missense	Large_intestine
COSM458855	c.742G>A	p.E248K	Substitution - Missense	Large_intestine
COSM2152987	c.552C>T	p.D184D	Substitution - coding silent	Central_nervous_system
COSM4846250	c.847C>T	p.H283Y	Substitution - Missense	Cervix
COSM917041	c.938G>A	p.R313Q	Substitution - Missense	Endometrium
COSM296072	c.221C>G	p.T74S	Substitution - Missense	Large_intestine
COSM1627436	c.844C>T	p.P282S	Substitution - Missense	Liver
COSM4751165	c.781C>T	p.P261S	Substitution - Missense	Stomach
COSM1184754	c.418C>A	p.Q140K	Substitution - Missense	Large_intestine
COSM5753450	c.930T>G	p.N310K	Substitution - Missense	Large_intestine
COSM2133118	c.683G>A	p.R228Q	Substitution - Missense	Large_intestine
COSM4942436	c.618A>G	p.L206L	Substitution - coding silent	Liver
COSM4959727	c.761G>A	p.G254E	Substitution - Missense	Liver
COSM3436547	c.133C>T	p.R45C	Substitution - Missense	Breast
COSM1737163	c.571-1G>A	p.?	Unknown	Central_nervous_system
COSM917039	c.766G>A	p.D256N	Substitution - Missense	Endometrium
COSM1627436	c.844C>T	p.P282S	Substitution - Missense	Liver
COSM3414907	c.433C>T	p.R145W	Substitution - Missense	Large_intestine
COSM917038	c.111C>A	p.S37S	Substitution - coding silent	Endometrium
COSM415071	c.329C>G	p.S110C	Substitution - Missense	Urinary_tract
COSM5435273	c.382G>A	p.D128N	Substitution - Missense	Oesophagus
COSM4013334	c.415G>A	p.D139N	Substitution - Missense	Stomach
COSM3866992	c.406G>A	p.E136K	Substitution - Missense	Skin
COSM3699883	c.317-3T>C	p.?	Unknown	Liver
COSM5647241	c.167G>C	p.C56S	Substitution - Missense	Oesophagus
COSM917040	c.837G>A	p.V279V	Substitution - coding silent	Endometrium
COSM4674144	c.411C>A	p.F137L	Substitution - Missense	Large_intestine
COSM1603318	c.249T>A	p.V83V	Substitution - coding silent	Liver
COSM4013335	c.568C>G	p.Q190E	Substitution - Missense	Stomach
COSM427389	c.229G>C	p.D77H	Substitution - Missense	Breast
COSM4013337	c.773C>T	p.A258V	Substitution - Missense	Stomach
COSM3769092	c.858T>C	p.F286F	Substitution - coding silent	Pancreas
COSM3397044	c.102T>G	p.C34W	Substitution - Missense	Central_nervous_system
COSM458855	c.742G>A	p.E248K	Substitution - Missense	Large_intestine
COSM1246137	c.674A>G	p.Y225C	Substitution - Missense	Oesophagus
COSM3414907	c.433C>T	p.R145W	Substitution - Missense	Skin
COSM4674145	c.927C>A	p.A309A	Substitution - coding silent	Large_intestine
COSM3436547	c.133C>T	p.R45C	Substitution - Missense	Skin
COSM4674146	c.935C>A	p.P312H	Substitution - Missense	Large_intestine
COSM3731605	c.574G>C	p.D192H	Substitution - Missense	Stomach
COSM4573546	c.186G>T	p.K62N	Substitution - Missense	Bone
COSM108646	c.944C>T	p.S315L	Substitution - Missense	Skin
COSM5713512	c.451_452delAA	p.K151fs*4	Deletion - Frameshift	Haematopoietic_and_lymphoid_tissue
COSM5753450	c.930T>G	p.N310K	Substitution - Missense	Large_intestine
COSM136774	c.782C>T	p.P261L	Substitution - Missense	Skin
COSM3985556	c.756C>G	p.D252E	Substitution - Missense	Kidney
COSM1297171	c.212C>G	p.S71*	Substitution - Nonsense	Urinary_tract
COSM1579153	c.971C>A	p.S324Y	Substitution - Missense	Breast
COSM683635	c.15G>T	p.T5T	Substitution - coding silent	Lung
COSM458855	c.742G>A	p.E248K	Substitution - Missense	Cervix
COSM5798393	c.268G>A	p.E90K	Substitution - Missense	Breast
COSM335302	c.554T>C	p.I185T	Substitution - Missense	Lung
COSM1187905	c.43C>T	p.H15Y	Substitution - Missense	Lung
COSM77340	c.86C>A	p.T29K	Substitution - Missense	Ovary

> Text Mining based Variations

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PMID	Variation	Cancer	Evidence
26109429	mutation	Colorectal Carcinoma	Ten significantly mutated genes, including BMI1, CARD11, and NRG1, were found in 34 CRCs with CLMs.
23603912	mutation	T Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia	In addition to mutations in genes known to be involved in leukemogenesis (ETV6, NOTCH1, JAK1, and NF1), we identified novel recurrent mutations in FAT1 (25%), FAT3 (20%), DNM2 (35%), and genes associated with epigenetic regulation (MLL2, BMI1, and DNMT3A).

Summary
Symbol	BMI1
Name	BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger
Aliases	RNF51; PCGF4; polycomb group ring finger 4; B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog (mouse); FLVI2/BMI1 ......
Location	10p12.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Cancer Gene Databases	ONGene (Oncogene) , TSGene (Tumor suppressor gene) , NCG (Network of Cancer Genes)
Content	> Post-translational modification (PTM)

> Post-translational modification (PTM) [ TOP ]
There is no PTM data

Summary
Symbol	BMI1
Name	BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger
Aliases	RNF51; PCGF4; polycomb group ring finger 4; B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog (mouse); FLVI2/BMI1 ......
Location	10p12.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Cancer Gene Databases	ONGene (Oncogene) , TSGene (Tumor suppressor gene) , NCG (Network of Cancer Genes)
Content	> Expression analysis in primary tumor tissue from TCGA > Expression level in cancer cell line from CCLE > Expression level in human normal tissue from HPA > Text mining based expression change

> The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)

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Differential expression analysis for cancers with more than 10 normal samples

Cancer	Full Name	# N	# T	Median (N)	Median (T)	LogFC	Adj. P	Status
BLCA	Bladder urothelial carcinoma	19	408	5.656	5.85	-0.086	0.636	NS
BRCA	Breast invasive carcinoma	112	1100	6.362	6.66	0.422	5.04e-07	NS
CESC	Cervical and endocervical cancers	3	306	5.869	5.442	NA	NA	NA
COAD	Colon adenocarcinoma	41	459	5.48	5.621	0.049	0.674	NS
ESCA	Esophageal carcinoma	11	185	6.158	6.15	0.194	0.453	NS
GBM	Glioblastoma multiforme	5	166	6.074	6.137	NA	NA	NA
HNSC	Head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma	44	522	5.065	5.146	0.031	0.778	NS
KIRC	Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma	72	534	6.127	6.144	-0.014	0.838	NS
KIRP	Kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma	32	291	5.796	5.549	-0.312	0.0222	NS
LAML	Acute Myeloid Leukemia	0	173	NA	6.851	NA	NA	NA
LGG	Brain Lower Grade Glioma	0	530	NA	6.262	NA	NA	NA
LIHC	Liver hepatocellular carcinoma	50	373	5.312	5.578	0.206	0.0387	NS
LUAD	Lung adenocarcinoma	59	517	6.015	5.955	-0.031	0.733	NS
LUSC	Lung squamous cell carcinoma	51	501	5.806	5.86	0.031	0.726	NS
OV	Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma	0	307	NA	6.236	NA	NA	NA
PAAD	Pancreatic adenocarcinoma	4	179	5.979	5.849	NA	NA	NA
PCPG	Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma	3	184	6.164	6.366	NA	NA	NA
PRAD	Prostate adenocarcinoma	52	498	6.351	6.132	-0.288	2.18e-05	NS
READ	Rectum adenocarcinoma	10	167	5.84	5.661	-0.353	0.133	NS
SARC	Sarcoma	2	263	5.844	5.784	NA	NA	NA
SKCM	Skin Cutaneous Melanoma	1	472	6.192	5.78	NA	NA	NA
STAD	Stomach adenocarcinoma	35	415	6.033	6.262	0.256	0.0115	NS
TGCT	Testicular Germ Cell Tumors	0	156	NA	5.912	NA	NA	NA
THCA	Thyroid carcinoma	59	509	5.675	5.931	0.262	8.51e-06	NS
THYM	Thymoma	2	120	5.925	6.01	NA	NA	NA
UCEC	Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma	35	546	6.135	5.677	-0.402	0.00898	NS

> Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) [ TOP ]
There is no record.

> The Human Protein Atlas (HPA)

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Tissue	Expression Level (TPM)
Adipose tissue	32.8
Adrenal gland	42.2
Appendix	35.9
Bone marrow	13.9
Breast	45.5
Cerebral cortex	49.3
Cervix, uterine	43
Colon	26.3
Duodenum	21
Endometrium	53
Epididymis	36.8
Esophagus	24.8
Fallopian tube	37.4
Gallbladder	38.7
Heart muscle	14.2
Kidney	28.3
Liver	18.8
Lung	35.9
Lymph node	33
Ovary	27.3
Pancreas	5.6
Parathyroid gland	84.7
Placenta	42.2
Prostate	53.8
Rectum	24.8
Salivary gland	9
Seminal vesicle	37.1
Skeletal muscle	15.9
Skin	17.7
Small intestine	23.9
Smooth muscle	53.4
Spleen	52
Stomach	21.4
Testis	66.8
Thyroid gland	41
Tonsil	26.5
Urinary bladder	29.7

> Text Mining based Expression

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PMID	Expression	Cancer	Evidence
26693053	overexpression	Hepatocellular Carcinoma	Furthermore, Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the expression levels of CBX8 (in 53/123 samples) and BMI1 (in 60/130 samples) were markedly increased in human HCC specimens.
27131799	overexpression	Salivary Gland Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma	In MEC, CD44 and Bmi1 showed strong expression in all types of neoplastic cells and both markers revealed intense expression in tumour invasive front.
27131799	overexpression	Salivary Gland Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma	The stem cell markers CD44, Bmi1, Oct4 and Nanog are frequently expressed in MEC in relation to normal salivary gland and Oct4 and Nanog expression may contribute to aggressiveness and worst prognosis in MEC patients.
27718152	underexpression	Skin Basal Cell Carcinoma	We demonstrate downregulation of BMI1 mRNA expression in BCC samples compared with controls (p=0.0001), SCC (p=0.001), and melanoma (p=0.0001) samples.
27612478	overexpression	Lip and Oral Cavity Carcinoma	These tumors exhibited increased expression of CSC markers (CD44v3, CD44v6, Nanog, and Bmi1) and significantly reduced expression of PTEN and ATM in OSCC patients.
27166996	overexpression	Gastric Carcinoma	We additionally found that decreased miR-338-5p expression in GC tissues, relative to normal tissues, was significantly negatively correlated with increased BMI1 expression.
26935956	overexpression	Plasma Cell Myeloma	The polycomb complex protein BMI-1 (BMI-1) is a putative oncogene reported to be overexpressed in multiple myeloma (MM).
26919246	overexpression	Hepatocellular Carcinoma	By contrast, BMI1 was significantly overexpressed in 66.7% of HCC tissues.
26690524	overexpression	Glioblastoma	Overexpression of CD133 mRNA and BMI1 protein was found in 47.6 and 76.2% patients respectively and TP53 mutations was seen in 57.1% of patients in our study.There was no correlation among TP53 mutations and expressions of CD133 and BMI1.
26500029	overexpression	Bladder Carcinoma	BMI1 was found to be overexpressed in most UC cell lines and primary tumors by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry.
26137120	overexpression	Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma	miR-203 was demonstrated to act as a tumor suppressor by regulating the expression of Bmi1. miR-203 expression levels were downregulated in NSCLC tissues while Bmi1 expression was upregulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines.
25999024	overexpression	Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma	The BMI1 mRNA expression levels were markedly increased and negatively correlated with the miR-218 expression level in the ESCC tissues.
25968877	overexpression	Gastric Carcinoma	But high Bmi1 expression was significantly correlated with the clinical stage (pooled OR=3.04, 95%CI=1.31-7.07, P=0.010, random effect), tumor size (pooled OR=2.01, 95%CI=1.14-3.55, P=0.016, random effect), T classification (pooled OR=2.79, 95%CI=1.94-4.03, P<0.001, fixed effect), lymph node metastasis (pooled OR=2.24, 95%CI=1.47-3.39, P<0.001, random effect) and distant metastasis (pooled OR=5.05, 95%CI=1.29-19.70, P=0.020, random effect), and led to a poor overall survival (OS) in GC patients (RR=3.38, 95%CI=2.43-4.69, P<0.001, fixed effect).
25858624	overexpression	Glioma	The BMI1 mRNA in glioma was remarkably up-regulated, 176.3% as much as that in peri-cancerous tissues (P<0.05).
25826085	underexpression	Breast Carcinoma	Expression of CSC markers, ALDH1, BMI1 and Nanog was decreased.
25722013	underexpression	Parathyroid Gland Neoplasm	Impaired expression of the histone methyltransferases EZH2, BMI1, and RIZ1 have been described in parathyroid tumors.
25526772	overexpression	Glioma	Our investigation revealed BMI1 over-expression in 29 of 54 (53.7%) pediatric gliomas, 8 of 8 (100%) patient derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse models, and in both CD133+ and CD133- glioma cells.
25475727	aberrant expression	Melanoma	We found significantly deregulation of miR-203 and up-regulation of BMI1 in melanoma, particularly in metastatic melanoma.
25471937	overexpression	Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma	Populations of enriched CSC-like cells displayed decreased levels of pSMAD1/5/8 and BMP signaling target gene ID1 while SMURF1, CD44, and BMI1 were highly expressed when compared to non-CSC populations.
25348805	overexpression	Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ	We found Bmi1 overexpression in 64% of grade III invasive ductal breast adenocarcinomas compared to normal breast tissues.
25286028	overexpression	Tongue Carcinoma	Our data revealed that Bmi1 was aberrantly overexpressed in a significant portion of tongue cancers.
25285018	overexpression	Ovarian Carcinoma	In univariate survival analysis of the ovarian carcinoma cohorts, a significant association of intensive expression of BMI1 and EZH2 in first-onset lymph node metastases with shortened PFS was demonstrated (P=0.010, P=0.019); and a significant association of intensive expression of BMI1 and EZH2 in recurrent tumors with shortened OS was demonstrated (P=0.042, P=0.047).
25084695	overexpression	Acute Myeloid Leukemia; Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive	The results showed that the expression of BMI1 was significantly higher in AML and CML versus control subjects (p<0.001 for both).
25054051	overexpression	Colorectal Carcinoma	Bmi1 is overexpressed in gastrointestinal cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC); however, its role as a non-invasive biomarker in CRC has not been established.
25013381	overexpression	Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma	We predicted Bmi1 may be a target of miR-135a using bioinformatics tools and found that Bmi1 expression was markedly up-regulated in PDAC.
24982332	overexpression	Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma	The mRNA levels of CDK4, cyclin D1, gankyrin, SEI1, BMI1 were significantly elevated in both HARM and SCCHN (in comparison with control specimens), and statistically significant correlations were found among these markers in gene expression.
24909638	overexpression	Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Neoplasm with High Grade Dysplasia; Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Neoplasm with an Associated Invasive Carcinoma	Positive expression of Twist and Bmi1 was observed in 40.0% and 42.9% of IPMNs, respectively. Twist and Bmi1 expression was significantly higher in IPMNs with high-grade dysplasia (P<0.05) and invasive carcinoma (P<0.05) than that in IPMNs with low-grade dysplasia.
24719948	overexpression	Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Bile Duct Tumor Thrombi	Immunohistochemical staining for Bmi1 showed Bmi1 was highly expressed in the B+ group in comparison with the C+ group and the V+ group, respectively.
24375660	overexpression	Thymic Lymphoma	Furthermore, the BMI1 expression level was up-regulated and inversely correlated with miR-200c in RITL samples.
24337040	overexpression	Bladder Carcinoma	The mRNA expression of Bmi1 was upregulated in SP cells when compared with that in the NSP cells.
24312366	overexpression	Malignant Digestive System Neoplasm	Bmi1 is overexpressed in a variety of human cancers including gastrointestinal cancer.
24302590	overexpression	Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma	Moreover, BMI1 was highly expressed in both SCCHN and HARM, and BMI1 overexpression was associated with p16 downregulation in SCCHN (P<0.05).
24139839	overexpression	Glioma	Both Bmi1 and EZH2 expressions in glioma tissues were significantly higher than those in corresponding nonneoplastic brain tissues (both P<0.001).
24122997	overexpression	Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma	EZH2 and BMI1 protein were up-regulated in OSCC tissues compared with epithelial dysplasia and normal epithelium.
23873108	underexpression	Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ	BMI1 gene was co-regulated (down) with PR in the invasive ductal breast carcinoma with relative progression explicating it a diagnostic biomarker for ductal carcinoma of the breast.
23864317	aberrant expression	Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma	Bmi1 was expressed in 78/80 (97.5%) cases of non-small-cell lung cancer and correlated with male gender and expression of Gli1.
23686310	aberrant expression	Mantle Cell Lymphoma	In this study, we show that recurrent MCL cases significantly exhibit upregulation of BMI1/Bmi1.
23639414	overexpression	Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma	The results showed that Bmi1 expression was observed in 32 (36.8%) of 87 cases of nonprogressing OLP and in 8 (88.9%) of 9 cases of progressing OLP. Bmi1 was not expressed in normal oral mucosa, but it was positively expressed in the 6 (100%) cases of OSCC.
23471304	overexpression	Myelodysplastic Syndrome	BMI1 overexpression was observed in CD34(+) cells from the majority of MDS patients with RUNX1 mutations, but not in D171N-transduced human CD34(+) cells.
23437065	overexpression	Pancreatic Carcinoma	Bmi1 was overexpressed in human PanINs, pancreatic cancers, and in several pancreatic cancer cell lines.
23138990	overexpression	Hepatocellular Carcinoma	We found that Bmi1 was much more highly expressed in HCC tissue compared to normal liver tissue.
23132836	overexpression	Malignant Glioma	Bmi1, a key component of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 1, is highly expressed in undifferentiated neural stem cells (NSC) as well as in several human cancers including high-grade gliomas--highly aggressive brain tumors.
23046527	aberrant expression	Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma	Among 78 ESCC patients, 24 patients (30.8%) showed BMI1 positivity, mainly localised in the nuclei of tumour cells.
22766604	overexpression	Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma	Bmi1 and EZH2 were more highly expressed in tumor than in adjacent normal tissue (p<0.001).
22730165	overexpression	Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma	High BMI1 expression was detected in 11.7% of glottic tumors and in 50% of supraglottic tumors.
22574128	overexpression	Pituitary Gland Adenoma	Human pituitary adenomas show Bmi1 overexpression in over 50% of the cases, which indicates that Bmi1 could be causally involved in formation of these tumors similarly as in our mouse model.
22265735	aberrant expression	Glioblastoma	We find that Bmi1 expression is increased in CD133- cells, and Bmi1 protein and transcript expression are highest during intermediate stages of differentiation as CD133+ BTICs lose their CD133 expression.
22120066	overexpression	Myelodysplastic Syndrome	In this study, we reported that overexpression of BMI1 protein was detected in MDS patients, and inversely correlated with the apoptosis of CD34+ cells.
21866458	overexpression	Colorectal Carcinoma	The positive rate of Bmi1 expression in colorectal cancer tissues was 56.5%(48/85), significantly higher than that in the adjacent noncancerous tissues[17.6%(15/85), P<0.05)].
21856782	overexpression	Neuroblastoma	The BMI1 gene is overexpressed in ≈ 90% of human neuroblastomas.
21755556	aberrant expression	Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma	BMI1 was highly enriched in CD133+ cells.
21482478	overexpression	Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma	BMI1 was highly expressed in laryngeal SCCs.
21165554	aberrant expression	Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma	Aberrant EZH2 and BMI1 protein expression was observed in 19 (14.0%) and 23 (16.9%), respectively, of the 136 ESCCs.
20600931	overexpression	Medulloblastoma	Overexpression of Bmi1 has been described in medulloblastoma, highly aggressive brain neoplasms of childhood, which are thought to originate from deregulated proliferation of granule cell precursors.
20426791	overexpression	Pancreatic Carcinoma	In the present study, we demonstrated that expression of BMI1 was markedly up-regulated in pancreatic cancer cell lines and surgically resected cancer specimens.
20170541	overexpression	Gastric Carcinoma	BMI1 was found to be overexpressed in gastric cancer cell lines and gastric tumors.
27900059	overexpression	Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma	High BMI1 expression was more frequent in SCC compared with that in AD (P=0.015).

Summary
Symbol	BMI1
Name	BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger
Aliases	RNF51; PCGF4; polycomb group ring finger 4; B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog (mouse); FLVI2/BMI1 ......
Location	10p12.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Cancer Gene Databases	ONGene (Oncogene) , TSGene (Tumor suppressor gene) , NCG (Network of Cancer Genes)
Content	> Somatic copy number alteration in primary tomur tissue

> The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)

[ TOP ]

Correlation between expression and SCNA as well as percentage of patients in different status.

Cancer	Full Name	# Sample	R	P	% Loss	% Neutral	% Gain	Status
BLCA	Bladder urothelial carcinoma	404	0.412	5.18e-18	15.3	53.5	31.2	Neutral
BRCA	Breast invasive carcinoma	1075	0.023	0.457	12.7	63.2	24.1	Neutral
CESC	Cervical and endocervical cancers	292	0.344	1.5e-09	22.6	67.8	9.6	Neutral
COAD	Colon adenocarcinoma	449	0.258	3e-08	16.3	74.8	8.9	Neutral
ESCA	Esophageal carcinoma	183	0.477	9.14e-12	26.8	47	26.2	Neutral
GBM	Glioblastoma multiforme	147	0.364	5.7e-06	87.1	10.9	2	Loss
HNSC	Head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma	514	0.392	2.28e-20	32.5	58	9.5	Neutral
KIRC	Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma	525	0.162	0.000192	12.4	84.8	2.9	Neutral
KIRP	Kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma	288	0.283	1.05e-06	5.2	91.7	3.1	Neutral
LAML	Acute Myeloid Leukemia	166	0.105	0.179	0.6	97.6	1.8	Neutral
LGG	Brain Lower Grade Glioma	513	0.469	2.21e-29	15.8	72.1	12.1	Neutral
LIHC	Liver hepatocellular carcinoma	364	0.317	6.21e-10	9.1	72.8	18.1	Neutral
LUAD	Lung adenocarcinoma	512	0.25	1.03e-08	21.3	54.9	23.8	Neutral
LUSC	Lung squamous cell carcinoma	498	0.481	3.59e-30	41.4	40.2	18.5	Loss
OV	Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma	300	0.399	6.7e-13	12	47.7	40.3	Gain
PAAD	Pancreatic adenocarcinoma	177	0.144	0.0562	19.2	74	6.8	Neutral
PCPG	Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma	162	0.396	1.79e-07	0.6	92.6	6.8	Neutral
PRAD	Prostate adenocarcinoma	491	0.186	3.31e-05	9	87.4	3.7	Neutral
READ	Rectum adenocarcinoma	164	0.123	0.117	18.9	75	6.1	Neutral
SARC	Sarcoma	255	0.378	4.36e-10	43.5	45.1	11.4	Loss
SKCM	Skin Cutaneous Melanoma	367	0.33	9.09e-11	52.6	42.8	4.6	Loss
STAD	Stomach adenocarcinoma	413	0.387	3.56e-16	15.3	61.3	23.5	Neutral
TGCT	Testicular Germ Cell Tumors	150	0.424	6.23e-08	52	43.3	4.7	Loss
THCA	Thyroid carcinoma	497	0.101	0.0241	1.2	98.4	0.4	Neutral
THYM	Thymoma	119	-0.011	0.908	1.7	96.6	1.7	Neutral
UCEC	Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma	537	0.253	2.64e-09	7.1	69.3	23.6	Neutral

Summary
Symbol	BMI1
Name	BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger
Aliases	RNF51; PCGF4; polycomb group ring finger 4; B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog (mouse); FLVI2/BMI1 ......
Location	10p12.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Cancer Gene Databases	ONGene (Oncogene) , TSGene (Tumor suppressor gene) , NCG (Network of Cancer Genes)
Content	> Methylation level in the promoter region of CR

> Methylation level in the promoter region of CR

[ TOP ]

Correlation between expression and methylation as well as differential methylation analysis.

Cancer	Full Name	R	P	# N	# T	Delta beta (T vs N)	P value (T vs N)	Status
BLCA	Bladder urothelial carcinoma	-0.339	9.15e-13	17	408	-0.167	1.59e-05	NS/NA
BRCA	Breast invasive carcinoma	-0.487	0	83	785	-0.079	2.84e-38	NS/NA
CESC	Cervical and endocervical cancers	-0.452	0	3	306	NA	NA	NS/NA
COAD	Colon adenocarcinoma	-0.196	0.000469	19	297	0.022	0.000964	NS/NA
ESCA	Esophageal carcinoma	-0.444	1.24e-10	9	185	NA	NA	NS/NA
GBM	Glioblastoma multiforme	-0.347	0.00484	1	64	NA	NA	NS/NA
HNSC	Head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma	-0.287	1.3e-11	20	522	0.003	3.29e-09	NS/NA
KIRC	Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma	-0.244	5.14e-06	24	319	0.003	1.07e-05	NS/NA
KIRP	Kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma	-0.189	0.00107	23	275	-0.035	0.0863	NS/NA
LAML	Acute Myeloid Leukemia	-0.651	0	0	170	NA	NA	NS/NA
LGG	Brain Lower Grade Glioma	-0.311	3.3e-13	0	530	NA	NA	NS/NA
LIHC	Liver hepatocellular carcinoma	-0.309	1.73e-10	41	373	-0.158	1.03e-14	NS/NA
LUAD	Lung adenocarcinoma	-0.268	3.19e-09	21	456	0.094	0.000625	NS/NA
LUSC	Lung squamous cell carcinoma	-0.319	2.7e-10	8	370	NA	NA	NS/NA
OV	Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma	-0.383	0.312	0	9	NA	NA	NS/NA
PAAD	Pancreatic adenocarcinoma	-0.299	4.25e-05	4	179	NA	NA	NS/NA
PCPG	Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma	-0.277	0.000128	3	184	NA	NA	NS/NA
PRAD	Prostate adenocarcinoma	-0.286	2.07e-11	35	498	0.004	2.48e-06	NS/NA
READ	Rectum adenocarcinoma	-0.359	0.00025	2	99	NA	NA	NS/NA
SARC	Sarcoma	-0.363	1.75e-09	0	263	NA	NA	NS/NA
SKCM	Skin Cutaneous Melanoma	-0.28	6.79e-10	1	471	NA	NA	NS/NA
STAD	Stomach adenocarcinoma	-0.395	1.22e-15	0	372	NA	NA	NS/NA
TGCT	Testicular Germ Cell Tumors	-0.558	0	0	156	NA	NA	NS/NA
THCA	Thyroid carcinoma	-0.205	1.01e-06	50	509	-0.007	0.0328	NS/NA
THYM	Thymoma	-0.496	9.95e-09	2	120	NA	NA	NS/NA
UCEC	Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma	-0.442	0	34	431	-0.062	6.03e-15	NS/NA

Summary
Symbol	BMI1
Name	BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger
Aliases	RNF51; PCGF4; polycomb group ring finger 4; B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog (mouse); FLVI2/BMI1 ......
Location	10p12.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Cancer Gene Databases	ONGene (Oncogene) , TSGene (Tumor suppressor gene) , NCG (Network of Cancer Genes)
Content	> Primary tumor tissue from TCGA > Normal tumor tissue from HPA

>The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) [ TOP ]
There is no record.

> The Human Protein Atlas (HPA)

[ TOP ]

Tissue	Level	Level Name
Adrenal gland	2	Medium
Appendix	2	Medium
Bone marrow	3	High
Breast	2	Medium
Bronchus	3	High
Caudate	2	Medium
Cerebellum	2	Medium
Cerebral cortex	2	Medium
Cervix, uterine	2	Medium
Colon	2	Medium
Duodenum	1	Low
Endometrium	2	Medium
Epididymis	2	Medium
Esophagus	1	Low
Fallopian tube	2	Medium
Gallbladder	2	Medium
Heart muscle	1	Low
Hippocampus	2	Medium
Kidney	3	High
Liver	1	Low
Lung	2	Medium
Lymph node	2	Medium
Nasopharynx	3	High
Oral mucosa	1	Low
Ovary	2	Medium
Pancreas	2	Medium
Parathyroid gland	2	Medium
Placenta	3	High
Prostate	2	Medium
Rectum	1	Low
Salivary gland	1	Low
Seminal vesicle	2	Medium
Skeletal muscle	2	Medium
Skin	3	High
Small intestine	1	Low
Smooth muscle	1	Low
Soft tissue	3	High
Spleen	2	Medium
Stomach	1	Low
Testis	2	Medium
Thyroid gland	2	Medium
Tonsil	2	Medium
Urinary bladder	2	Medium
Vagina	1	Low

Summary
Symbol	BMI1
Name	BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger
Aliases	RNF51; PCGF4; polycomb group ring finger 4; B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog (mouse); FLVI2/BMI1 ......
Location	10p12.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Cancer Gene Databases	ONGene (Oncogene) , TSGene (Tumor suppressor gene) , NCG (Network of Cancer Genes)
Content	> Association between expresson and subtype > Overall survival analysis based on expression > Association between expresson and stage > Association between expresson and grade

> Subtype

[ TOP ]

Association between expresson and subtype.

Cancer	Full Name	# Patients	P Value (Kruskal-Wallis)	Association	Source
BLCA	Bladder urothelial carcinoma	128	0.0225	Significant	24476821
BRCA	Breast invasive carcinoma	521	7.5e-15	Significant	23000897
COAD	Colon adenocarcinoma	149	0.379	NS	22810696
GBM	Glioblastoma multiforme	157	3.3e-07	Significant	26824661
HNSC	Head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma	279	0.000886	Significant	25631445
KIRP	Kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma	161	0.227	NS	26536169
LGG	Brain Lower Grade Glioma	513	4.67e-16	Significant	26824661
LUAD	Lung adenocarcinoma	230	0.913	NS	25079552
LUSC	Lung squamous cell carcinoma	178	0.0466	Significant	22960745
OV	Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma	287	0.0304	Significant	21720365
PRAD	Prostate adenocarcinoma	333	0.33	NS	26544944
READ	Rectum adenocarcinoma	67	0.34	NS	22810696
SKCM	Skin Cutaneous Melanoma	315	0.243	NS	26091043
STAD	Stomach adenocarcinoma	277	3.53e-05	Significant	25079317
THCA	Thyroid carcinoma	391	1.93e-05	Significant	25417114
UCEC	Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma	232	0.118	NS	23636398

> Overall survival

[ TOP ]

Overall survival analysis based on expression.

Cancer	Full Name	# Patients	Hazard Ratio	P Value (Log Rank Test)	Association
BLCA	Bladder urothelial carcinoma	405	0.831	0.37	NS
BRCA	Breast invasive carcinoma	1079	1.191	0.453	NS
CESC	Cervical and endocervical cancers	291	1.374	0.342	NS
COAD	Colon adenocarcinoma	439	1.151	0.646	NS
ESCA	Esophageal carcinoma	184	0.869	0.641	NS
GBM	Glioblastoma multiforme	158	0.505	0.00576	Longer
HNSC	Head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma	518	0.939	0.744	NS
KIRC	Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma	531	0.521	0.00101	Longer
KIRP	Kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma	287	1.001	0.998	NS
LAML	Acute Myeloid Leukemia	149	1.306	0.352	NS
LGG	Brain Lower Grade Glioma	511	0.695	0.157	NS
LIHC	Liver hepatocellular carcinoma	365	1.423	0.145	NS
LUAD	Lung adenocarcinoma	502	1.215	0.339	NS
LUSC	Lung squamous cell carcinoma	494	0.75	0.147	NS
OV	Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma	303	1.835	0.00396	Shorter
PAAD	Pancreatic adenocarcinoma	177	0.743	0.297	NS
PCPG	Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma	179	1615474834.4	0.157	NS
PRAD	Prostate adenocarcinoma	497	0.711	0.71	NS
READ	Rectum adenocarcinoma	159	1.467	0.579	NS
SARC	Sarcoma	259	2.322	0.00391	Shorter
SKCM	Skin Cutaneous Melanoma	459	0.555	0.00258	Longer
STAD	Stomach adenocarcinoma	388	1.196	0.439	NS
TGCT	Testicular Germ Cell Tumors	134	1.352	0.83	NS
THCA	Thyroid carcinoma	500	0.369	0.125	NS
THYM	Thymoma	119	0.802	0.789	NS
UCEC	Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma	543	1.487	0.197	NS

> Stage

[ TOP ]

Association between expresson and stage.

Cancer	Full Name	# Patients	R Value (Spearman)	P Value (Spearman)	Association
BLCA	Bladder urothelial carcinoma	406	-0.068	0.173	NS
BRCA	Breast invasive carcinoma	1071	0.03	0.33	NS
CESC	Cervical and endocervical cancers	167	-0.124	0.109	NS
COAD	Colon adenocarcinoma	445	-0.005	0.912	NS
ESCA	Esophageal carcinoma	162	0.079	0.315	NS
HNSC	Head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma	448	0.013	0.778	NS
KIRC	Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma	531	-0.178	3.89e-05	Lower
KIRP	Kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma	260	-0.122	0.0491	Lower
LIHC	Liver hepatocellular carcinoma	347	0.044	0.415	NS
LUAD	Lung adenocarcinoma	507	-0.014	0.754	NS
LUSC	Lung squamous cell carcinoma	497	0.058	0.198	NS
OV	Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma	302	-0.022	0.7	NS
PAAD	Pancreatic adenocarcinoma	176	0.009	0.909	NS
READ	Rectum adenocarcinoma	156	0.124	0.122	NS
SKCM	Skin Cutaneous Melanoma	410	-0.006	0.905	NS
STAD	Stomach adenocarcinoma	392	0.013	0.805	NS
TGCT	Testicular Germ Cell Tumors	81	-0.415	0.000117	Lower
THCA	Thyroid carcinoma	499	-0.1	0.026	Lower
UCEC	Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma	501	-0.027	0.547	NS

> Grade

[ TOP ]

Association between expresson and grade.

Cancer	Full Name	# Patients	R Value (Spearman)	P Value (Spearman)	Association
CESC	Cervical and endocervical cancers	272	0.113	0.0635	NS
HNSC	Head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma	498	0.138	0.00198	Higher
KIRC	Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma	525	-0.167	0.000121	Lower
LGG	Brain Lower Grade Glioma	514	-0.086	0.0508	NS
LIHC	Liver hepatocellular carcinoma	366	-0.052	0.317	NS
OV	Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma	296	-0.09	0.122	NS
PAAD	Pancreatic adenocarcinoma	176	-0.117	0.121	NS
STAD	Stomach adenocarcinoma	406	-0.047	0.343	NS
UCEC	Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma	534	0.102	0.0182	Higher

Summary
Symbol	BMI1
Name	BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger
Aliases	RNF51; PCGF4; polycomb group ring finger 4; B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog (mouse); FLVI2/BMI1 ......
Location	10p12.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Cancer Gene Databases	ONGene (Oncogene) , TSGene (Tumor suppressor gene) , NCG (Network of Cancer Genes)
Content	> Targets inferred by reverse engineering method > Targets identified by ChIP-seq data

> Targets inferred by reverse engineering method [ TOP ]

> Targets identified by ChIP-seq data [ TOP ]

Summary
Symbol	BMI1
Name	BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger
Aliases	RNF51; PCGF4; polycomb group ring finger 4; B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog (mouse); FLVI2/BMI1 ......
Location	10p12.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Cancer Gene Databases	ONGene (Oncogene) , TSGene (Tumor suppressor gene) , NCG (Network of Cancer Genes)
Content	> Drugs from DrugBank database

> Drugs from DrugBank database [ TOP ]
There is no record for BMI1.

Summary
Symbol	BMI1
Name	BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger
Aliases	RNF51; PCGF4; polycomb group ring finger 4; B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog (mouse); FLVI2/BMI1 ......
Location	10p12.2
External Links	HGNC, NCBI, Ensembl, Uniprot, GeneCards
Cancer Gene Databases	ONGene (Oncogene) , TSGene (Tumor suppressor gene) , NCG (Network of Cancer Genes)
Content	> Protein-Protein Interaction Network > miRNA Regulatory Relationship > Interactions from Text Mining

> Protein-Protein Interaction Network [ TOP ]

> miRNA Regulatory Relationship [ TOP ]

> Interactions from Text Mining

[ TOP ]

PMID	Cancer	Hierarchy	Gene	Relation to CR	Evidence
27166996	Gastric Carcinoma	partner	miR-338-5p	negative correlation	We additionally found that decreased miR-338-5p expression in GC tissues, relative to normal tissues, was significantly negatively correlated with increased BMI1 expression.
26919246	Hepatocellular Carcinoma	upstream	miR-200b	negative regulation	A luciferase reporter assay was used to validate BMI1 as a direct target of microRNA-200b. Furthermore, microRNA-200b was activated in HCC cells after treatment with 5-azacytidine, whereas BMI1 expression was clearly downregulated.
26137120	Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma	upstream	miR-203	negative regulation	miR-203 was demonstrated to act as a tumor suppressor by regulating the expression of Bmi1. miR-203 expression levels were downregulated in NSCLC tissues while Bmi1 expression was upregulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines.
25999024	Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma	partner	miR-218	negative correlation	The BMI1 mRNA expression levels were markedly increased and negatively correlated with the miR-218 expression level in the ESCC tissues.
25475727	Melanoma	upstream	miR-203	negative regulation	We also identified BMI1 as a downstream target gene of miR-203, which bound to the 3'UTR of BMI1. Overexpression of miR-203 was associated with decreased BMI1 expression and impaired cell invasion and tumor sphere formation activities.
24375660	Thymic Lymphoma	upstream	miR-200c	negative regulation	Taken together, we conclude that down-regulated expression of miR-200c and up-regulation of its direct target BMI1 in radiation-induced thymic lymphoma, which may indicate a novel therapeutic method for RITL through induction of miR-200c or inhibition of BMI1.
24312366	Malignant Digestive System Neoplasm	upstream	miR-30e*	negative regulation	Luciferase assays using miR-30e* mimic revealed that Bmi1 was a direct target for miR-30e* by interactions with the putative miR-30e* binding sites in the Bmi1 3' untranslated region. qRT-PCR analysis of resected cancer specimens showed that miR-30e* expression was downregulated in tumor regions compared with non-tumor regions, and Bmi1 expression was inversely correlated with miR-30e* expression in gastric cancer tissues, but not in colon cancer tissues.
24302590	Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma	downstream	p16; p14	negative regulation	These results indicate that RD deletion and BMI1 overexpression frequently occur in the early stage of oral carcinogenesis and BMI1 overexpression may downregulate the transcription of p16 and p14 through interfering with RD.
23873108	Ductal Breast Carcinoma In Situ	partner	PR	co-regulation	BMI1 gene was co-regulated (down) with PR in the invasive ductal breast carcinoma with relative progression explicating it a diagnostic biomarker for ductal carcinoma of the breast.
23686310	Mantle Cell Lymphoma	upstream	miR-16	regulation	On screening for upstream regulators of BMI1, we found that expression of microRNA-16 (miR-16) was downregulated in MCL SP cells by regulating Bmi1 in the SPs, leading to reductions in tumor size following lymphoma xenografts.
22265735	Glioblastoma	partner	CD133	negative correlation	We find that Bmi1 expression is increased in CD133- cells, and Bmi1 protein and transcript expression are highest during intermediate stages of differentiation as CD133+ BTICs lose their CD133 expression.
22120066	Myelodysplastic Syndrome	downstream	p16; phospho-p53; CASP3; CASP9	negative regulation	Overexpression of BMI1 antagonised apoptosis by downregulating several apoptosis-related proteins, such as p16(INK4a), phospho-p53 (Ser46) and caspase 3/9.
21856782	Neuroblastoma	upstream	N-myc; MYC	positive regulation	Overexpression of MYCN or MYC transactivated the BMI1 promoter and up-regulated BMI1 gene expression.
21755556	Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma	partner	CD133	positive correlation	BMI1 was highly enriched in CD133+ cells.
20170541	Gastric Carcinoma	partner	Mel-18	negative correlation	Overexpression of BMI1 correlated with advanced clinical stage and lymph node metastasis; while the expression of Mel-18 negatively correlated with BMI1.